Management of Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources

Jan 5, 20172 likes602 views

This document discusses the management of disused sealed radioactive sources, particularly high activity radioactive sources (SHARS). It outlines the National Laser Centre of South Africa's (NLC) experience developing a mobile hot cell for handling SHARS. The hot cell was designed to allow for the dismantling of radioactive sources and their safe transfer for long-term storage. The hot cell has been successfully used to recover radioactive sources from irradiators in Sudan, Tanzania, and Uruguay, demonstrating its effectiveness for centralized management of disused radioactive materials.

Management of Disused Sealed Radioactive
Sources
Date
By:
Alan Carolissen
Senior Manager: NLM

Background
2
• Proper management of disused sealed radioactive
sources a priority
– Developing countries: Poor accounting systems and/or lack of
expertise/funds
– Developed countries: Large quantities - Difficult to control.
• Disused High Activity Radioactive Sources (SHARS)
especially problematic
• No standard procedures or suitable technologies available
• Disused sources, including SHARS, kept in working
shields in storage facilities or places of earlier use – not
always under very secure or safe conditions

Management of Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources

• Responsible radioactive
waste and spent/disused
sources in South Africa.
• Initial work outside SA
was on the smaller/lower
activity sources
• 1998 performed first
IAEA radium source
conditioning operation in
Ghana
• Since then about 15
countries done, mostly in
Africa.
NLM experience
8
Continues…

• Repair of SHARS units.
• SHARS source removal and
transfer for storage
• SHARS unit removal at
facilities and safeguarding
done in various countries
NLM experience
9

SHARS mobile hot cell development
• Identified the need for technology to handle SHARS
• In 2003 – concept of a mobile hot cell evaluated by international
team of experts (Canada, USA, UK, Belgium, South Africa)
• Necsa (South Africa) - 2003 - develop basic design for a mobile
conditioning unit (“hot cell”)
• Detail design and manufacturing from 2005
• Every phase evaluated by peer review team
• Funding provided by IAEA - additional support from US NNSA
through the IAEA Nuclear Security Fund.
• Demonstrated in 2007 – field operations since 2009
• Sudan, Tanzania, Uruguay
10

Design of Mobile Hot Cell
• Cell Components:
– Cell walls – Double cavity wall 1,55 m thick - filled with river
sand with density of 1,6 - Mild steel “shuttering” plates
– Working volume 1,6 m x 2,5 m x 3 m high
– Roof – 3 x 0,23 m thick concrete slabs
– Window – oval shaped steel container with polycarbonate
ends - filled with 50% ZnBr2
– Telescopic master-slave manipulators with 20 kg lifting
capacity
11

Design of Mobile Hot Cell
• Auxiliary Equipment
– Jib crane on inside
– Exhaust ventilation unit
– 3600 camera coverage on inside
– Table with tools, welding and leak testing equipment
– Lighting
• Long Term Storage Shield – designed by RWE Nukem (UK) and
design modified in 2011 for licensing as transport container (LANL
Areva) – 4 drawers with 10kCi capacity.
• A-frame crane over unit
• Transported in 2 x 20ft shipping containers
14

Management Approach
• Removal of heads from working unit
• Transport all units to conditioning site (centralized store)
• Transport unit into country – assemble and prepare for operation
• Removal of SHARS from working shields and transfer into long term
storage shield
– Partial dismantling of head/irradiator outside cell
– Placement inside cell and further dismantling
– Removal of SHARS
– Segregation of sources in terms of origin (country)
– Encapsulate in stainless steel capsules – welding and leak testing
– Placement into LTSS or Transport Container
– Stored safely and securely or repatriated
• Dismantle unit and return to SA
17

Logistics
• Equipment shipped to country in 2 x 20 ft ISO shipping
containers
• Total operation – 1 week to assemble and 1 week to
disassemble and work in-between depending on number of
sources to recover
18

Conclusion
• 3 Operations successfully completed
– Sudan
– Tanzania
– Uruguay
• Mobile Hot Cell proved itself as a very useful tool for
recovery of high activity sources – proved itself under
various conditions
30

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Management of Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources

1. Management of Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources Date By: Alan Carolissen Senior Manager: NLM

2. Background 2 • Proper management of disused sealed radioactive sources a priority – Developing countries: Poor accounting systems and/or lack of expertise/funds – Developed countries: Large quantities - Difficult to control. • Disused High Activity Radioactive Sources (SHARS) especially problematic • No standard procedures or suitable technologies available • Disused sources, including SHARS, kept in working shields in storage facilities or places of earlier use – not always under very secure or safe conditions

4. 4

5. 5

6. 6

7. 7

8. • Responsible radioactive waste and spent/disused sources in South Africa. • Initial work outside SA was on the smaller/lower activity sources • 1998 performed first IAEA radium source conditioning operation in Ghana • Since then about 15 countries done, mostly in Africa. NLM experience 8 Continues…

9. • Repair of SHARS units. • SHARS source removal and transfer for storage • SHARS unit removal at facilities and safeguarding done in various countries NLM experience 9

10. SHARS mobile hot cell development • Identified the need for technology to handle SHARS • In 2003 – concept of a mobile hot cell evaluated by international team of experts (Canada, USA, UK, Belgium, South Africa) • Necsa (South Africa) - 2003 - develop basic design for a mobile conditioning unit (“hot cell”) • Detail design and manufacturing from 2005 • Every phase evaluated by peer review team • Funding provided by IAEA - additional support from US NNSA through the IAEA Nuclear Security Fund. • Demonstrated in 2007 – field operations since 2009 • Sudan, Tanzania, Uruguay 10

11. Design of Mobile Hot Cell • Cell Components: – Cell walls – Double cavity wall 1,55 m thick - filled with river sand with density of 1,6 - Mild steel “shuttering” plates – Working volume 1,6 m x 2,5 m x 3 m high – Roof – 3 x 0,23 m thick concrete slabs – Window – oval shaped steel container with polycarbonate ends - filled with 50% ZnBr2 – Telescopic master-slave manipulators with 20 kg lifting capacity 11

12. 12

13. 13

14. Design of Mobile Hot Cell • Auxiliary Equipment – Jib crane on inside – Exhaust ventilation unit – 3600 camera coverage on inside – Table with tools, welding and leak testing equipment – Lighting • Long Term Storage Shield – designed by RWE Nukem (UK) and design modified in 2011 for licensing as transport container (LANL Areva) – 4 drawers with 10kCi capacity. • A-frame crane over unit • Transported in 2 x 20ft shipping containers 14

15. 15

16. 16

17. Management Approach • Removal of heads from working unit • Transport all units to conditioning site (centralized store) • Transport unit into country – assemble and prepare for operation • Removal of SHARS from working shields and transfer into long term storage shield – Partial dismantling of head/irradiator outside cell – Placement inside cell and further dismantling – Removal of SHARS – Segregation of sources in terms of origin (country) – Encapsulate in stainless steel capsules – welding and leak testing – Placement into LTSS or Transport Container – Stored safely and securely or repatriated • Dismantle unit and return to SA 17

18. Logistics • Equipment shipped to country in 2 x 20 ft ISO shipping containers • Total operation – 1 week to assemble and 1 week to disassemble and work in-between depending on number of sources to recover 18

19. 19

23. 23

24. 24

25. 25 25

26. 26 WM Training Course, 26

27. 27 27

28. 28

29. 29

30. Conclusion • 3 Operations successfully completed – Sudan – Tanzania – Uruguay • Mobile Hot Cell proved itself as a very useful tool for recovery of high activity sources – proved itself under various conditions 30

31. Thank You!!! 31

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Management of Disused Sealed Radioactive Sources

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