Profiling Android Applications

May 29, 20150 likes364 views

Profiling is important for mobile apps, in particular for the Android platform. This presentation summarizes the state of the art in profiling Android applications as of Android version 4.3 "Jelly Bean"

Profiling
Hubert Hesse
Software Profiling Seminar 2013
1

What is Android?
• First Developed by Android, Inc., since 2005
part of Google
• JAVA because of support of Tool Support and
Open Source Activity [Bornstein2008]
• First Android phone was sold in October 2008
HTC Dream (aka G1) iPhone
06/2007
2

Latest Addition: Tablets
• With release of Nexus 7 2012 upsurge in
tablet market
• Android 4 – Design Guidelines
iPad
04/2010
3

Dalvik Executable
• Convert java .class files into .dex format
• dx: Java Bytecode -> an alternative instruction
set compatible with Dalvik VM.
Write an Android Applications in any language
that compile to .class
4

DalvikVMInternalsDanBornstein(Google)GoogleI/O2008
https://sites.google.com/site/io/dalvik-vm-internals/
5

Why Profiling?
• When apps don’t perform as expected or
advertised, 99% of respondents said they
would take action: [Apigee2012]
Delete
immediately
33%
Delete if it
freeze > 30s
28%
Tell my peers
how bad it is
24%
Complain on
social media
15%
6

Example: Google I/O App 2012
• (https://code.google.com/p/iosched/)
Default state todayAfter network/API? limit 7

Google I/O App 2012
• Do you notice the difference?
≈ 5% CPU ≈ 80% CPU
8

Overview Profiling
From System profiling to UI Profiling:
On the device
Dalvik Debug Monitor
Static analysis
9
Eclipse
Android Monitor
Standalone

On the device (Developer options)
Monitoring>Show CPU usage Drawing>Show Layout bounds
10

Developer options II
Drawing>Show GPU view updates Drawing>Show GPU overdrawn
11

Overview Profiling
• Dalvik Debug Monitor Server (DDMS)
• Running multiple Debugger Monitor sessions
through an USB cable?
DDMS
On the device
Static analysis
12

Remote Java Profiling
Client Device
adb adbd
TCP/IP over
USB Cable
DDMS JDWP
Android
Runtime
Application Framework
App1 App2Debugger Eclipse
Screengrab ...
vendor-
defined
packets
14
Debugger
Port: 8600

Thread View: utime: user time
stime: system time
20

Annotate with
Start/stopmethodprofiling
Debug.startMethodTracing(“file");
// start tracing to “/mnt/sdcard/file.trace"
// ...
// stop tracing
Debug.stopMethodTracing();
24

Snapshot (forces GC)
Tracking over Time (start, stop, force GC)
Convert to heap to Eclipse MAT compatible format (with hprof-conv)
28

Network l/O
Emulator Control
Telephony Status - network status (home, roaming, searching),
and speed and latency (GPRS, EDGE, UTMS, HSDPA).
Telephony Actions - Mock calls and SMS
Location Controls – Mock location
29

System Profiling with systrace.py
30
Bug in DDMS/Eclipse version.
$ python systrace.py --set-tags=gfx,view,wm
$ adb shell stop
$ adb shell start
$ python systrace.py --cpu-freq --cpu-load --time=10 -o mytracefile.html
Demo

Relative Measure,
Layout, Draw
Performance
Screen
appearance
Absolute Measure,
Layout, Draw
Performance
32

Overview Profiling
From System profiling to UI Profiling:
Static analysis
On the device
DDMS
33

REFERENCES
• [Apigee2012],
http://apigee.com/about/pressrelease/apigee
-survey-users-reveal-top-frustrations-lead-
bad-mobile-app-reviews
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Profiling Android Applications

1. Profiling Hubert Hesse Software Profiling Seminar 2013 1

2. What is Android? • First Developed by Android, Inc., since 2005 part of Google • JAVA because of support of Tool Support and Open Source Activity [Bornstein2008] • First Android phone was sold in October 2008 HTC Dream (aka G1) iPhone 06/2007 2

3. Latest Addition: Tablets • With release of Nexus 7 2012 upsurge in tablet market • Android 4 – Design Guidelines iPad 04/2010 3

4. Dalvik Executable • Convert java .class files into .dex format • dx: Java Bytecode -> an alternative instruction set compatible with Dalvik VM. Write an Android Applications in any language that compile to .class 4

5. DalvikVMInternalsDanBornstein(Google)GoogleI/O2008 https://sites.google.com/site/io/dalvik-vm-internals/ 5

6. Why Profiling? • When apps don’t perform as expected or advertised, 99% of respondents said they would take action: [Apigee2012] Delete immediately 33% Delete if it freeze > 30s 28% Tell my peers how bad it is 24% Complain on social media 15% 6

7. Example: Google I/O App 2012 • (https://code.google.com/p/iosched/) Default state todayAfter network/API? limit 7

8. Google I/O App 2012 • Do you notice the difference? ≈ 5% CPU ≈ 80% CPU 8

9. Overview Profiling From System profiling to UI Profiling: On the device Dalvik Debug Monitor Static analysis 9 Eclipse Android Monitor Standalone

10. On the device (Developer options) Monitoring>Show CPU usage Drawing>Show Layout bounds 10

11. Developer options II Drawing>Show GPU view updates Drawing>Show GPU overdrawn 11

12. Overview Profiling • Dalvik Debug Monitor Server (DDMS) • Running multiple Debugger Monitor sessions through an USB cable? DDMS On the device Static analysis 12

13. Remote Java Profiling Client Device adb adbd TCP/IP over USB Cable DDMS JDWP Android Runtime Application Framework App1 App2Debugger Eclipse Screengrab ... vendor- defined packets 14 Debugger Port: 8600

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16. System View: Idle CPU usage ≈ 20% 17

17. System View: Idle CPU usage ≈ 99% 18

18. OpenGL Profiling 19

19. Thread View: utime: user time stime: system time 20

20. 21

21. Method Profiling 22

22. Demo 23

23. Annotate with Start/stopmethodprofiling Debug.startMethodTracing(“file"); // start tracing to “/mnt/sdcard/file.trace" // ... // stop tracing Debug.stopMethodTracing(); 24

24. 25

25. REMOVE Menu BAR 26

26. Fix? 27

27. Snapshot (forces GC) Tracking over Time (start, stop, force GC) Convert to heap to Eclipse MAT compatible format (with hprof-conv) 28

28. Network l/O Emulator Control Telephony Status - network status (home, roaming, searching), and speed and latency (GPRS, EDGE, UTMS, HSDPA). Telephony Actions - Mock calls and SMS Location Controls – Mock location 29

29. System Profiling with systrace.py 30 Bug in DDMS/Eclipse version. $ python systrace.py --set-tags=gfx,view,wm $ adb shell stop $ adb shell start $ python systrace.py --cpu-freq --cpu-load --time=10 -o mytracefile.html Demo

30. Hierachy viewer standalone tool 31

31. Relative Measure, Layout, Draw Performance Screen appearance Absolute Measure, Layout, Draw Performance 32

32. Overview Profiling From System profiling to UI Profiling: Static analysis On the device DDMS 33

33. LINT Static Code Analysis 34

34. Thank you. Questions? 35

35. REFERENCES • [Apigee2012], http://apigee.com/about/pressrelease/apigee -survey-users-reveal-top-frustrations-lead- bad-mobile-app-reviews 36

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