Review human impact on the earth
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Here are 3 ways we can reduce each effect: Acid rain: 1. Use renewable energy sources like solar and wind instead of coal and oil 2. Drive fuel efficient vehicles 3. Practice energy conservation in our homes and businesses Beach erosion: 1. Plant vegetation like sea oats and grasses to stabilize the sand 2. Limit vehicular access to beaches to reduce disruption of sand 3. Implement beach nourishment projects to replace lost sand
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Review human impact on the earth
- 1. How Humans Impact the Planet Earth It doesn’t have to be this way. We can do so much better. Photo courtesy of this PowerPoint Presentation program
- 2. Subsurface mining ï€ Subsurface mining is the extraction of minerals and ores from underground. It consists of digging shafts into the earth for ore. ï€ Pro: It is much less damaging to the landscape and to animal habitats than surface mining. ï€ Con: It is much more costly compared to surface mining https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Twentymile_Underground_Coal_Mine.png/1200px- Twentymile_Underground_Coal_Mine.png
- 3. Surface mining • Surface mining is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying the mineral deposit are removed. • Pro: It is less expensive compared to other forms of mining. • Con: Surface mining often involves deforestation, leaving the land more vulnerable to erosion. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Shotton_mine_panorama.jpg/1200px- Shotton_mine_panorama.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83 /Udachnaya_pipe.JPG/500px-Udachnaya_pipe.JPG
- 4. Types of surface mining • Open-pit mining • Strip mining • Quarrying https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Limestone_quarry.jpg is licensed under CC BY-SA
- 5. Deforestation • Clear cutting: (top right image) Cutting down and removing all trees from a uniform area. • Selective cutting: (bottom right image) The process of cutting down selected trees in a forest so that growth of the other trees is not affected. https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2000/1*CK6svQh56jkbjVswbCh7gA.jpeg https://farm2.staticflickr.com/1328/899737427_8772227c28_z.jpg?zz=1
- 6. How deforestation causes problems • Climate Change: A surplus of carbon is stored in trees, because it helps trees grow. When these trees are cut down or burned, their stored carbon is released into the air to form carbon dioxide. • Erosion: The roots of trees help hold the soil together and protects it from erosion by wind & water. https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KPPiesKqfBY/V-_j0hNBbkI/AAAAAAAABd0/z1PsapFU-XUI9b_-DfeMm_ZjLBDmivL1wCLcB/w1200-h630-p- nu/You%2BStill%2BThink%2BClimate%2BChange%2BIs%2BA%2BHoax%2BThese%2B20%2BBefore-And-After%2BPhotos%2BWill%2BLeave%2BYou%2BSpeechless%2521.jpg https://www.publicdomainpictures.net/pictures/24000 0/velka/beach-erosion-1508332465yjD.jpg
- 7. But we need paper and other wood products. • What can we do to reduce the impacts of harvesting trees? • Plant a tree where you can. • Buy recycled products and recycle them once again. • Buy certified wood products; look for a FSC mark (Forest Stewardship Council). • Top left image: https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/48357027391_4ffbb1b4c9.jpg http://www.made-to-travel.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/recycleallthethings.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons /thumb/b/bc/Gelugu_(coconut_wood)_in_Klaten %2C_Java.jpg/1200px- Gelugu_(coconut_wood)_in_Klaten%2C_Java.jpg https://www.wikicorporates.org/Images/Forest-Stewardship- Council-Certmarks.svg
- 8. What is a renewable resource? ï€ A renewable resource is a natural resource that can be used repeatedly and can be replaced naturally. ï€ Solar Energy ï€ Biomass http://www.mrgscience.com/uploads/2/0/7/9/20796234/1009371077214e48752cb08b1f19cbb0_orig.jpg
- 9. What is a nonrenewable resource? ï€ A resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means at the same pace as it is being consumed. ï€ Natural gas ï€ Oil ï€ Coal https://www.e-education.psu.edu/egee102/sites/www.e-education.psu.edu.egee102/files/images/Lesson_04/fossil_fuels.png
- 10. What are traditional resources? • Oil: Its products are used widely in the modern society, supplying energy to power industries, heat homes, and to provide fuel for vehicles. • Gas: A non-renewable hydrocarbon used as a source of energy for heating, cooking, and electricity. • Coal: The most significant uses of coal are in electricity generation, steel production, cement manufacturing and as a liquid fuel. https://gailtheactuary.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/5-world-has-been- using-fossil-fuels-for-450-years.png https://lupinepublishers.com/environmental-soil-science-journal/images/lupinepublishers-openaccess-journal-environmental-soil-sciences.ID.000158.G004.png
- 11. What are alternative resources? a. Wind energy: Retrieved through windmills. b. Hydroelectricity: Retrieved through turbines and generators. c. Solar power: Retrieved through solar panels. https://greenlivingottawa.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/ces-cetd-poster-image.png
- 12. How are alternative resources helpful? a. Environmental benefits b. Increased energy security c. Sustainability http://www.dianuke.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/renewable-Vs- nuclear.jpg
- 13. How does burning fossil fuels affect climate change? • When fossil fuels are burned, they release carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which in turn trap heat in our atmosphere, making them the primary contributors to global warming and climate change. https://static.skepticalscience.com/graphics/human_fingerprints_med.jpg
- 14. What about nuclear energy? a. Fuel source: The fission of uranium atoms. b. Two pros: Low operating costs; high reliability c. Two cons: Expensive to build; produces radioactive waste d. Define nuclear energy: The use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Watts_Bar-6.jpg/1200px-Watts_Bar-6.jpg
- 15. Exponential growth An increase in number or size with a constantly growing rate The left side of this graph showing exponential growth takes an upward turn. Logistic growth and carrying capacity The carrying capacity of a biological species in an environment is the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain. The shape of the logistical growth graph would be an ‘S’. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/courses-images/wp- content/uploads/sites/1223/2017/02/10222207/Figure_45_03_01.jpg
- 16. Exponential human growth is impacting the environment. a. Desertification: Affects topsoil, groundwater reserves, surface runoff, and organism populations. b. Overgrazing: Excessive grazing from animals which causes damage to ground vegetation. c. Urbanization: There is an increase in consumption of food, energy, water, and land. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Amargos a_desert.jpg/1200px-Amargosa_desert.jpg http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_HAn-FEvEpY/U2NyQN3PbqI/AAAAAAAAAuc/nqmbjTYVnl8/s1600/resilient.jpg https://images.pexels.com/photos/344036/pexels-photo- 344036.jpeg?auto=compress&cs=tinysrgb&h=750&w=12 60
- 17. What on Earth is a carbon footprint? A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted due to the consumption of fossil fuels by a particular person. Each of us makes one and its size depends on how much we use fossil fuels, wood products and otherwise affect the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. https://i.stack.imgur.com/xnC3Z.jpg
- 18. How can we help reduce our carbon footprint? a. Conserve water b. Turn lights off when not in use c. Switch to sustainable, clean energy https://c2.staticflickr.com/4/3459/3381978635_ed795bac50_z.jpg?zz=1
- 19. How we can reduce each of the following effects that our population has on North Carolina? • Acid rain: Reduce our usage of fossil fuels • Beach erosion: Building seawalls, sandbags, and sand fences. https://buddhajeans.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/acid-rain.png https://62e528761d0685343e1c-f3d1b99a743ffa4142d9d7f1978d9686.ssl.cf2.rackcdn.com/files/79741/width668/image-20150429-23372-ds05ix.jpg