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Lesson 1
Definition and
Purposes of a
Discourse

Learning
Competency
Describes a written text
as connected discourse
(EN11/12RWS-IIIa-1).
1

Objectives
● define discourse;
● identify the purpose of a discourse; and
● analyze a discourse.

Essential Question
What is the importance of knowing the nature or
purposes of a discourse?

Warm Up!
1. Work with a partner for this activity.
2. Go to the library. While there, look for references and read
about discourse, focusing especially on the nature and
purposes of discourse.
3. Write your notes about the topic on the left column of the
given table.
4. Summarize your notes on the right column after rereading
your notes.
5. Present your work to the class.

Review
● What is your idea of a discourse?
● Why do you think it is necessary to analyze
some forms of discourse?

Learn about It!
Definition of Discourse
● comes from the word discursus
○ in medieval Latin - “argument”
○ in late Latin - “conversation”
● formal and often lengthy discussion of a topic, where
concepts and insights are arranged in an organized and
logical manner
● often associated with speech but may also be a written text
● the way that language is used to convey meanings or to
propel action or provoke a specific response

Learn about It!
Critique
● one example of a discourse
● states a writer’s opinion about the good and the bad parts
of another piece of writing or a work of art
● uses formal language
● contains ideas that are arranged in an organized and
logical manner

Learn about It!
Diary
● another example of discourse
● a daily record of someone’s personal experiences and
thoughts
● gives readers a sense of the writer’s character or values

Learn about It!
Purposes of a Discourse
To inform
● provides a descriptive and comprehensive discussion on
the topic
● points out what one should know about a topic or subject

Learn about It!
To persuade
● tries to convince the readers that the proposed claim or
solution is better than any other proposal
● tries to convince the readers to believe in or do something

Learn about It!
To entertain
● aims to amuse its readers
● provides a source of entertainment for its readers

Learn about It!
Analyzing a Discourse
● Consider several factors that may have influenced the
writer to make certain claims.
● Those factors explain the author’s biases, philosophy, and
educational and professional backgrounds, among others.

Learn about It!
Culture
● The beliefs, customs, attitudes, language, and other
things that define culture may influence the author’s
perspective on several issues.
● Knowing about the author’s culture may help the reader
understand his or her biases.

Learn about It!
Social Environment
● The author’s physical surroundings and social
relationships, as well as the culture of the time may have
influenced his or her writing.
● For instance, during the early decades of the 20th century,
most writers produced works that were classified as
“modern” because of a distinct feature: stream of
consciousness.

Learn about It!
Experiences
● Personal accounts or firsthand experience of events,
though subjective, establish credibility and reliability of
information presented in any discourse.

Learn about It!
7 Questions to Ask Before Hiring Your Wedding Photog
rapher
NewsUSA

Learn about It!
Guide Questions:
1. What is the purpose of the text? Cite evidence to support
your answer.
2. For whom was this text written? Justify your answer.
3. Who could have possibly written this text? Explain.
4. Could this text be helpful for brides and grooms? Use your
knowledge of identifying the purpose of discourse to justify
your answer.

Analysis
Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
Forget that Facelift - “Wrap” Your Face into Shape
NewsUSA

Analysis
1. What is the purpose of the text?
2. Who do you think could have written the text?
3. For whom is this text written?
4. State how the text caters to the said audience.
5. Is the text appropriate for the audience and its purpose?

Analysis
Criteria Score
Content
(The question is answered well. Textual evidence is provided.)
5 pts.
Organization
(Logical progression of details; clear transitions between ideas)
3 pts.
Language
(Use of proper spelling, mechanics, grammar, and word
choice) 2 pts.
Score: /10

You engage in discourse every day, be it through
conversations or by writing. How do you think you can
ensure that your input in these discourses is
meaningful and well-thought-out?
Values Integration

Synthesis
1. The class will be divided into three, and each division will be
assigned one of the following purposes:
a. To inform
b. To persuade
c. To entertain
2. Work with a partner from your respective division.
3. With your partner, write a paragraph about the topic “The
Philippines as a Tourist Destination.” Make sure that the
paragraph you write fulfills the purpose assigned to your
division.
4. You have 20 minutes to write your paragraph.
5. Present your work to the class.

Synthesis
6. After the activity, answer the following questions:
a. Were you able to carry out the task well? Why or why
not?
b. How has this activity helped you understand the
concept of discourse?

Assignment
Reread the essay used in the discussion, “7 Questions You
Should Ask Before Hiring Your Wedding Photographer.” Critique
the piece using the following questions:
1. Does it fulfill its purpose?
2. What were the text’s strong points?
3. What were the points for improvement?
4. Cite who you think wrote the text then answer this question:
How do you think the author’s culture, social environment,
and experiences influenced the writing of the text?
5. If you were to be the writer of a text with the same topic, how
would you approach writing the text, considering its purpose?

Criteria Score
Content
(The critique addressed all the guide questions. Textual
evidence is given, and opinions are clearly explained.) 5 pts.
Organization
(Logical progression of details; clear transitions between
ideas) 3 pts.
Language
(Use of proper spelling, mechanics, grammar, and word
choice)
2 pts.
Score: /10

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RW 11_12_Lesson 1_Definition and Purposes of Discourse.pptx

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