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Safety measures while handling radioisotopes
- 1. MANDIRA S. BHOSALE. MSC- SEM 1
- 2. Effects of radio isotopes: Immediate effects: bone marrow syndrome gastrointestinal track syndrome central nervous system syndrome Delayed effects : carcinogenesis in utero radiation exposure shortening of life span miscellaneous effects Genetic disease : target molecule DNA affects gene mutation
- 3. Radiation safety and production: Most popular triad of radiation protection is (TDS). time , distance & shield.
- 4. 1) Time : * Minimum possible time should spent near the radiation zone. * Minimize the time and you will minimize the dose. * Pre-plan the experiment/procedure to minimize exposure time
- 5. 2) Distance : * Doubling the distance from the source can reduce your exposure intensity by 25% * Use forceps, tongs, and trays to increase your distance from the radiation source. * Move the item being worked on away from the radiation area if possible. * Know the radiation intensity where you perform most of your work, and move to lower dose areas during work delays.
- 6. 3) Shield : * Position shielding between yourself and the source of radiation at all permissible times. * Take advantage of permanent shielding (i.e. equipment or existing structures). * Select appropriate shielding material during the planning stages of the experiment/procedure. * Plexiglas, plywood and lead are effective in shielding radiation exposure. Use the proper shielding for the type of radioactive material present.
- 7. Shielding x rays and gamma rays: Lead shielding will reduce the intensity of x-rays and gamma rays being emitted from a source of radiation. To reduce exposure by a certain desired percent, lead shielding must be a certain thickness for each type of emitter.
- 9. Radiation safety glasses Radiation safety shoes Radiation safety apron Radiation safety gloves Radiation safety mask
- 10. Dosimeter: Dosimeter is the instrument that measures exposure of radiation over a given period Dosimeter is worn by persons who work with or near the radiation.
- 11. Radiation safety laboratory rules: 1. Smoking, eating, and drinking are not permitted in radionuclide laboratories. 2. Food and food containers are not permitted in the laboratory. 3. Radionuclide work areas shall be clearly designated and should be isolated from the rest of the laboratory. 4. All work surfaces shall be covered with absorbent paper which should be changed regularly to prevent the buildup of contamination.
- 12. 5. Protective clothing shall be worn when working with radioactive materials. This includes laboratory coats, gloves, and safety glasses. 6. Dosimeters shall be worn when working with relatively large quantities of radionuclides which emit penetrating radiation.
- 13. 7. All containers of radioactive materials and items suspected or known to be contaminated shall be properly labeled with tape or tagged with the radiation logo and the word "RADIOACTIVE. 8. All contaminated waste items shall be placed in a container specifically designed for radioactive waste.
- 14. Warning labels: Mark all items used to manipulate or store radioactive material. Label all contaminated items. Remove all radiation labels and warnings on containers that no longer contain radioactive material and are not contaminated.
- 15. Warning label requirements: Labels must provide sufficient information on the container to minimize exposure and to make sure all proper precautions have been taken. Radionuclide (s) Estimated activity Date
- 17. Radioisotopes waste disposal: Radioactive waste includes anything that contains or is contaminated with radioactive material. Collect radioactive waste in proper containers. Keep containers closed and secured unless you are adding waste. Report the proper information on the radioactive waste tag when material is put in the waste container. Keep a tag on the waste container at all times.
- 18. References: https://bio-link.org/home2/sites/files/tdslab.pdf /arundeepa/radioactive-isotopes-72515767 /airwave12/radiation-safety-31342778 https://www.windows2universe.org/?page=/earth/Life/human_radiation_danger. html#:~:text=Radiation%20can%20harm%20people%20directly%20by%20damagi ng%20their,to%20reproduce%20in%20an%20out-of- control%20fashion%2C%20causing%20cancer. https://safetyculture.com/topics/radiation-safety/
- 19. Thank you!!!