Seed rate calculation1
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This document provides examples of how to calculate the seed rate per hectare for different crops. It lists the key factors needed for calculation such as spacing, germination percentage, purity percentage, 1000 grain weight, and plant population per hectare. Several examples are shown with step-by-step workings for crops like mung bean, pigeon pea, groundnut, green gram, jute, maize, upland rice, and rice. The calculations follow a consistent formula to determine the seed rate based on the given parameters for each crop.
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Seed rate is the number of seeds planted per area to achieve an adequate plant population. Understanding seed rate is important to maximize crop yields by ensuring the correct plant density. To calculate seed rate, determine the target plant population, seed germination percentage from testing, expected field establishment percentage, seeds per kilogram, and use the formula: Planting Rate = Target population / (Seeds per kg x Establishment % x Germination %). For example, with a target of 800,000 plants/ha, 90% germination, 75% establishment, and 27,500 seeds/kg, the seed rate is 43 kg/ha.More Related Content
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Tillage and tilth involve mechanical soil manipulation to create ideal conditions for plant growth. Tillage includes primary tillage like ploughing to open soil and secondary tillage like harrowing to break clods. The objectives are to prepare seedbeds, control weeds, aerate soil, and mix amendments. On-season tillage occurs before planting while off-season tillage conditions soil for future crops. Different tillage types include subsoiling to break hardpans and puddling for rice where soil is tilled under water. The depth and number of tillage operations varies by crop needs and soil conditions.Fertliser use efficiency
Fertliser use efficiencyKrishnamayee Sethi
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Fertilizer use efficiency depends on many factors related to the soil, climate, crop, and fertilizer characteristics. Only a fraction of the nutrients in fertilizer may be absorbed by crops, with the rest lost through leaching, volatilization, immobilization, or interactions between fertilizers. Maximum efficiency is obtained when the minimum amount of fertilizer needed is applied based on soil testing. Efficiency varies depending on soil properties like texture, pH, temperature, and moisture as well as the fertilizer type and application method used.Fertilizer and its classification
Fertilizer and its classificationKrishnamayee Sethi
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Fertilizers are substances added to soil or plant tissues to supply essential nutrients for plant growth. They are classified based on their nutrient composition (complete/incomplete), physical form (granular, powder, liquid), and concentration of primary nutrients (N, P, K). Major fertilizer types include nitrogenous (urea, ammonium), phosphatic (SSP, TSP, DAP), and potassic (MOP, potassium sulfate) fertilizers. Micronutrients like iron, manganese, zinc, copper and molybdenum are also required in small amounts and are supplied through fertilizers like chelates and frits to ensure their availability to plants. Proper understanding and applicationGreen manuring
Green manuringKrishnamayee Sethi
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Green manuring is the practice of growing green plants or adding plant materials and incorporating them into the soil to improve soil structure and fertility. There are two main types - green leaf manuring, which involves collecting and adding leaves and twigs from elsewhere, and green manuring in situ, which involves growing plants like legumes and incorporating them into the soil before or at flowering. Green manuring benefits the soil by increasing nitrogen levels, improving soil structure and water retention, reducing erosion, and reclaiming saline or alkaline soils. Common green manure crops include sunn hemp, dhaincha, sesbania, and clusterbeans.Vermicomposting
VermicompostingKrishnamayee Sethi
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Vermicomposting is a method of using earthworms to convert organic wastes like crop residues into a nutrient-rich compost called vermicompost. Earthworm species like Eisenia foetida and Erudrilus evegeniae are commonly used. The earthworms physically aerate, crush, and mix the materials while chemically degrading and biologically stimulating decomposition. Vermicompost contains higher levels of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium than traditional composts. The vermicomposting process involves layering organic materials and bedding in a pit or heap, maintaining suitable moisture, temperature, and aeration conditions for the earthworms to feed and produce castings, whichRecently uploaded (20)
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Seed rate calculation1
- 2. How do I calculate seed per hectare?
- 3. Quantity of seed sown per unit area. The seed rate depends on spacing or plant population, test weight, germination percentage. Seed rate (kg/ha)= 倹倹倹倹倹倹倹倹倹 諮諮諮諮諮諮諮 Plantpopulation=
- 4. 1. Calculate the seed rate of mung bean for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing=30cm10cm germination %=92% purity %=85% 1000 grain weight =36g Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.30.1 =333333.33 Seed rate = 333333.3336100100 928510001000 =15.34 kg/ha (Ans).
- 5. 2. Calculate the seed rate of pigeon pea for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing=60cm25cm germination %=87% purity %=86% 1000 grain weight =70g Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.60.25 =66666.67 Seed rate = 66666.6770100100 878610001000 =6.23 kg/ha (Ans).
- 6. 3. Calculate the seed rate of ground nut for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing=50cm20cm germination %=92% purity %=95% 1000 grain weight =200g shelling%=60% Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.50.2 =100000 Seed rate of kernels= 100000200100100 929510001000 =22.8823 kg/ha Quantity of unshelled pods needed for sowing in kg/ha = 100/6023=38.33 kg/ha (Ans).
- 7. 4. Calculate the seed rate of green gram for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing=45cm10cm germination %=80% 1000 grain weight =48g Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.450.1 =222222.22 Seed rate= 222222.2248100 8010001000 =13.33 kg (Ans).
- 8. 5. Calculate the seed rate of Jute for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing=25cm10cm germination %=90% purity percentage= 85% test weight =6.5g Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.250.1 =400000 Seed rate= 4000006.5100100 908510001000 =3.39 kg (Ans).
- 9. 6. Calculate the quantity of maize seed for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing=75cm20cm germination %=90% purity percentage= 90% test weight =250g seed required for gap filling=5% of total weight of seeds. Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.750.2 =66666.67 Seed rate= 66666.67250100100 909010001000 =20.576 kg Amount of seed required for Gap filling= 5 100 20.576= 1.028 kg Total seed required for 1 hectare area= 20.576+1.028=21.604 22kg/ha (Ans).
- 10. 7. Calculate the seed requirement for upland rice for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing=20cm30cm germination %=95% purity percentage= 90% test weight =25g No. of damaged seeds by birds, which are to be replaced 10seeds per square meter i.e., 10/m族. Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.20.3 =166666.67 Replacing bird damaged seeds, 1m族 area= 10 seeds 10000m族 area= 100000seeds Total no. of plant population= 166666.67 +100000=266666.67 Seed rate= 266666.6725100100 959010001000 = 7.798 kg/ha (Ans).
- 11. 8. Calculate the seed requirement for rice in kg/ha for sowing 1 hectare of crop from the following: spacing of hill=20cm20cm No. of seedlings per hill=3 germination %=95% purity percentage= 90% test weight =25g seedlings required for gap filling=12/5 m族 area Solution: Plant population= 10000 0.20.2 =2500003= 750000 Seedlings required for gap filling. For 5m族 seedlings required= 12 For 10000m族= 12/510000=24000 seedlings. Total plant population= 750000+24000=774000 Seed rate= 77400025100100 959010001000 =22.63 kg/ha (Ans).