Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet count due to increased platelet destruction and impaired production. The bone marrow findings in ITP show increased immature megakaryocytes with scant cytoplasm and absent lobulation in the nucleus. Dysplastic megakaryocytes with separated nuclei and micromegakaryocytes are also seen. Megakaryocytes in ITP frequently show emperipolesis of lymphocytes or lymphocytes and nucleated red blood cells within the cytoplasm. These bone marrow findings are sensitive and specific for diagnosing ITP.
- Highlighted causes of pruritus in older patients include dry skin due to reduced skin barrier function with age, age-related decline in immunity, and neuropathy.
- Evaluation of pruritus involves assessing severity, location, modifying factors, medications, and performing physical exam to check for signs of dry skin, scabies, or rashes.
- Management depends on identified cause, beginning with treating dry skin, checking for scabies, and using topical steroids or potassium hydroxide if a rash is present. If no rash, further workup and treatment for potential metabolic, endocrine, or neurological causes is warranted.
Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by low platelet count due to increased platelet destruction and impaired production. The bone marrow findings in ITP show increased immature megakaryocytes with scant cytoplasm and absent lobulation in the nucleus. Dysplastic megakaryocytes with separated nuclei and micromegakaryocytes are also seen. Megakaryocytes in ITP frequently show emperipolesis of lymphocytes or lymphocytes and nucleated red blood cells within the cytoplasm. These bone marrow findings are sensitive and specific for diagnosing ITP.
- Highlighted causes of pruritus in older patients include dry skin due to reduced skin barrier function with age, age-related decline in immunity, and neuropathy.
- Evaluation of pruritus involves assessing severity, location, modifying factors, medications, and performing physical exam to check for signs of dry skin, scabies, or rashes.
- Management depends on identified cause, beginning with treating dry skin, checking for scabies, and using topical steroids or potassium hydroxide if a rash is present. If no rash, further workup and treatment for potential metabolic, endocrine, or neurological causes is warranted.