The document defines key elements of stories such as theme, setting, protagonist, antagonist, conflict, resolution, climax, and symbolism. It discusses that the theme is the message the author wants to convey, the setting includes where and when the story takes place, the protagonist is the main good character, the antagonist is the villainous character, and conflicts can be between people, a person and nature, or internally within a person. It also notes that the resolution solves the conflict, the climax is the most exciting part leading to change, and symbolism can involve objects representing abstract ideas.