The three mile island vaibhav
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The Three Mile Island accident in 1979 was the most significant nuclear accident in U.S. history. It began with a minor malfunction that caused the reactor to shut down, but a relief valve failed to close. Over almost 16 hours, operators struggled to determine the problem and solution. Small amounts of radioactive gases were released, leading to the voluntary evacuation of 140,000 people within a 20-mile radius, though maximum radiation exposure was less than 100 mrem. The cleanup took 12 years and cost $973 million, and the plant did not restart until 1985. While no health effects were found, it highlighted needs for improved operator training and safety systems.
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Samantha Tallarine
Capella University
BSN-FP4014
July, 2019
EFFECTS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH
.
The occurrence of crises such as hurricanes and volcanic eruptions leave the affected communities without access to healthcare (Delgado, Gonzalez, & Swathi, 2017).
Natural disasters destroy the necessary infrastructure like roads and power supply
The outbreak of diseases like Ebola affects health care delivery because of the exposure to the virus.
In the long-run, the crisiss effect on the social susceptibility of the populace can have a ripple impact, which further burdens health care delivery care in the community.
Shifts in victim demographics creates significant workload for weakened health systems
2
RESPONSE TO 2011, TORNADO IN JOPLIN
The Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (DHSS) activated the PHEP-financed State Emergency Operations Center and Emergency(CDC, 2011).
It integrated public health into the emergency response and, in partnership with its associates, lead and coordinated the health care and public health sectors.
Local health units took advantage of existing collaborations with health units in others states to offer mutual aid utilities like administering tetanus vaccinations.
The private sector-inclusive of churches, Joplin residents, the business community, and volunteers offered relief to the victims.
3
RESPONSE IN BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA
The state through FEMA activated its National Response Coordination Staff to Level II
Level II activates its emergency support operations inclusive of search and rescue, public health, mass care, and transportation (FEMA, 2011).
FEMA coordinated the emergency response teams ensuring that the exercise went on smoothly.
The private sector also provided aid, with the Salvation Army offering free meals to the affected victims.
In comparison to the Joplin tornado the Birmingham response was well coordinated.
4
Key Lessons Learned in the Joplin Disaster
Hospitals should test all emergency plans to pinpoint and correct weaknesses(Smith & Sutter, 2013).
It is important to draft emergency plans to provide medical staff with critical thinking capabilities to manage disaster responses.
Tactical and strategic communication is vital to coordinating response teams, media and the public.
5
Key Lessons Learnt in Birmingham, Alabama
It is important to update disaster training and have the necessary equipment for future disasters
inclusive of items to assist hospitals in evacuating and kits to convert busies for patient transport.
The disaster also showed the need for counties and cities to have debris contracts in place before a disaster.
6
CURRENT PRACTICES JOPLIN
A majority of hospitals in Missouri have their emergency operations plans and their command centers active.
In case of a community crisis there is enough notice and time to prepare and communication systems are uninterrupted.
The hospitals are abl ...Nuclear power plants safe, secure
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- 1. Made by Vaibhav Mangal & The Three Mile Island The Biggest Nuclear Accident in the U.S.
- 2. ____________________________________________________________________________ _________ The Three Mile Island The Biggest Nuclear Accident in the U.S. _____________________________________ Made by Vaibhav Mangal & Rohan Kashyap
- 4. Location Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station, Londonderry Township, Pennsylvania, United States
- 5. INTRODUCTION March 28, 1979 4 AM Minor malfunction caused the second reactor to shut down almost immediately A relief valve was supposed to close, but it did not, contrary to what the instrumentation showed
- 6. The incident was rated a five on the seven-point International Nuclear Event Scale: Accident With Wider Consequences Operators struggled to determine the problem and an appropriate solution After almost 16 hours and the collaboration of 60 or more people, the situation was under control
- 7. Amount of contamination Hydrogen & some radioactive gases were released into atmosphere. A maximum of 13 million Curie of radioactive gas release The maximun dosage to a person at the site boundary have been less than 100 millirem (mrem)
- 8. Voluntary evacuation William Scranton III, the lieutenant governor the lieutenant governor, appeared at a news briefing to say that radioactivity releases Schools were closed and residents were urged to stay indoors & farmers were told to keep their animals under cover and on stored feed
- 9. The evacuation zonewas extended to a 20-mile radius on Friday, March 30 Within days, 140,000 people had left the area More than half of the 663,500 population within the 20-mile radius remained in that area
- 10. Cleanup Around 12years to complete Cost of cleanup estimated at $973
- 11. Plant was not reopened until 1985
- 12. Health Effects Government claimed no injuries or adverse health effects from accidents Only one additional cancer death from radiation absorbed following the accident would result to those living within 50 miles of the plant.
- 13. Fallout from TMI
- 14. CURRENT STATUS Viewed from the east, Three Mile Island currently uses only one nuclear generating station, TMI-1, which is on the right. TMI-2, to the left, has not been used since the
- 15. Recommendations Use human factors principles to design the control panels Better training program for operators Better indicators for status of valves Shift of plant priorities from continuing power production to safety
- 16. PRESENTED BY :- ROHAN KASHYA & VAIBHAV MANGAL