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Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty- A Comparative User Study
- 1. Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: ? A Comparative User Study + Information Visualization 2015 -Theresia Gschwandtner. /??? x 2016 Spring
- 2. Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: ? A Comparative User Study Information Visualization (IV), 2015 15th International Conference Theresia Gschwandtner / Markus Bo gl / Paolo Federico Institute of Software Technology & Interactive Systems, Vienna University of Technology Author Published
- 3. Abstract Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) 1) ?? ??: 2) ?? ??: ? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???,? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? open question ? ???? start ? end ??? ???? ?? 6??? ?? 3) ?? ??: ? ???? ??, Time? error rate? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? ? ? ?????? ???? ?? (a) gradient plot, (b) violin plot, (c) accumulated probability plot, (d) error bars, (e) centered error bars, and (f) ambiguation
- 4. Introduction 1. Types of Temporal Uncertainty 1) Bounded uncertainty of an instant ? ?)1988? 5? 14?? ?? ?? ????? ???, ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? 2) Statistical uncertainty of an instant? ?)??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ? ? ? ? 5) Bounded uncertainty of start and end of an interval with dependency ? ?) ???? ??? early start? early end? ???? ??. ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ? ??? 6) Statistical uncertainty start and end of an interval with dependency ? ?) ?? ??? ??? ? ??; ?? ???? ? ? ?? ??? ??, ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? 7) Bounded uncertainty of a span ? ?) ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? 5??? ???, 10??? ??? ???? 8) Statistical uncertainty of a span ? ?) ?? ?? Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) 3) Bounded uncertainty of start and end of an interval ? 4) Statistical uncertainty of start and end of an interval
- 5. Introduction 1. Types of Temporal Uncertainty 1) Bounded uncertainty of an instant ? ?)1988? 5? 14?? ?? ?? ????? ???, ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? 2) Statistical uncertainty of an instant? ?) ??? 3) Bounded uncertainty of start and end of an interval ? ?)? 4) Statistical uncertainty of start and end of an interval ? ?)? 5) Bounded uncertainty of start and end of an interval with dependency ? ?)? 6) Statistical uncertainty start and end of an interval with dependency ? ?) ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? 5??? ???, 10??? ??? ?? 7) Bounded uncertainty of a span ? ?) ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? 5??? ???, 10??? ??? ???? 8) Statistical uncertainty of a span ? ?) ?? ?? Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) ? / Bounded uncertainty : ?? ??? ??? ? ?? ??? Statistical uncertainty : ?????? ?? ? ?? ???? ? Bounded/Statistical? ???? temporal uncertainty ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??.?
- 6. Introduction Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) 2. Visualization Of Uncertainty ? ?????, ??? ???(?, ???, ? ??, ???, ??? ?)? ???? ????? Joseph Priestley (1765) - ??? ???? ????? ??? - ???? ???? ??? ?? Paint-Strips (2001) - ????? ??? ??? ???,? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?? Planning Lines (2005) - ?? ??/?? ??/?? ??, ???? ??, ???? ?? Jibonananda Sanyal (2009) - 2D / 3D ?? ?? ??
- 7. Introduction Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) 3. Visual Encodings of Uncertain Intervals ? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? 1) ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? - ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????.? 2) ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??.? 3) statistical uncertainty? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????.? 4) bounded uncertainty? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???
- 8. Introduction Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) 3. Visual Encodings of Uncertain Intervals ? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? 1) ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? - ???? ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????.? 2) ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??.? 3) statistical uncertainty? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????.? 4) bounded uncertainty? ??? ??? ??? ????? ??? (a) gradient plot (b) violin plot (c) accumulated ? probability plot (d) error bars (e) centered ? error bars (f) ambiguation
- 9. Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) 1. Data ? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ? 2014? ??, ? ?, ???? ??? ? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??, ?? ?? ??? ?? Study design
- 10. 2. Hypotheses H1 Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) H2 H3 H4 H5 earliest/latest start, earliest/latest end ? ?? ?? > statistical uncertainty - gradient /violin /accumulated probability plots Bounded uncertainty - error bars / centered error bars / ambiguation minimum, maximum ?? ??? ?? ?? duration ??? ?? > > Study design gradient /violin /accumulated plots?? marked point? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??
- 11. 3) Participants and Evaluation Session Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) - 73?? ??? (??? ?? ??, ?? 14?)? - information design and visualization ??? ?? ????, ?? ??? ?? ???? - EvalBench (????) ???? ??? - ? ??? ??? ??? ?? ??, Within-subject? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? - ? 5?? ???? ???? ???, ?? ?? ??? error? ?? Study design
- 12. 3) Participants and Evaluation Session Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) ? Task 1 ? Interpretation - A: Start interval, B: End interval? - Task: How would you interpret this type of visualization? - ??: ?? 3? ? ?? ????? ?? Equal probabilities: A ???/B??? ?? ?? ??/?? ???? ?? ??? ???? Unequal probabilities: A? ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??? None of these option Study design
- 13. 3) Participants and Evaluation Session Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) ? Task 2 ? Start and End Time - ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? Task 2-1. ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????? Task 2-2. ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????? Task 2-3. ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? Task 2-4. ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ? Task 3 ? Interval Duration - ? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? Task 3-1. ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? Task 3-2. ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? Task 3-3. ????? ??? ???? Study design
- 14. 3) Participants and Evaluation Session Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) ? Task 4 ? Probabilities - ??? 3? ?????, ????? ???? ??? ?? ?? ??? - ??? ?? ???? ??, 0-100 ??? ??? ???? ? ? Task 4-1. red line?? ??? statistical probability(%)?? Task 4-2. red line?? ??? statistical probability(%)?? - ??? ?? ???? ??, 3?? ??? ? ???? ? ? Task 4-3. ? ?? red line? ?? ? ??? ? ????? ? Task 5 ? Preferences - ??? ?? ???? ??, 5? ??? ??? ???? Task 5-1. ??? ?? ? ????? ???? ?? ????? Study design
- 15. Results ? 73? ?, 72?? ???? ?? (1=??? ?? ???) 1) Problems and Observations Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) Task 2-1. ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????? Task 2-2. ??? ?? ?? ??? ? ?? ??? ?????? Task 2-3. ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? Task 2-4. ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? - Task2: ?? ?? ??/??, ?? ?? ??/?? ? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? - Task4: ???? ?? ?????
- 16. Results 2) Outcome ? H1 ? Interpretation of visual encodings - ?? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??????, centered error bar? outlier,? - centered error bar ? error bar? ??, ? ?? statistical uncertainty? ?????,? ? ????? bounded uncertainty? ? ??? ???? ??? ????,? ? ??? ? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) bounded uncertainty statistical uncertainty
- 17. Results 2) Outcome ? H2 ? Effectiveness in representing start and end time Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) - ambiguation, error bar, centered error bar? ??/?? ??? ???? ? ? ????? ? ?? ??? ???? - Error / Time: ???? ??? ???? Other observations: violin plots, accumulated probability plots ? ???? ?? ???? ??? ? (??, ?? ?? ????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????)? centered error bar?? ?? ?? outlier?? ??? -> ????? ??? ??
- 18. Results 2) Outcome ? H3 ? Effectiveness in representing minimum and maximum duration Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) - ambiguation, error bar, centered error bar? ??/?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??.? - Error: Accumulated, violin plot ? ?? ???? ?? error rates? ?? ??? ??? ???, Gradient plot? ???? ??? ???? Time: error bars?? ?? ???? ??? ???
- 19. Results 2) Outcome ? H4 ? Effectiveness in representing average duration Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) - accumulated /gradient /violin plots ? ?? duration ??? ??? ??? ?? reject? - Error: centered EB ? ??? accumulated /gradient /violin plots ?? ???? ??? Time: ???? ??? ???
- 20. Results 2) Outcome ? H5 ? Effectiveness in representing probability of start and end time Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) - accumulated /gradient /violin plots ? marked point ? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?? reject? - Error: gradient plots ? ?? ? ???? error ? ??, accumulated? violin plot?? ???, ? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??? (p=0.06)? Time: ???? ??? ???, Gradient plot? ?? ?? ?? ??? ???
- 21. Conclusion Visual Encodings of Temporal Uncertainty: A Comparative User Study (2015) - ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? - Task 4-3. ? ?? red line? ?? ? ??? ? ????? - ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? 1) Limitation & Further Work 2) Conclusion - Centered error bar? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??? - ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? - error bars ? ambiguation ? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? -> earliest start/end, latest start/end, minimum, maximum, average duration of intervals? - statistical probability ???? gradient plot? ?????, ???? ?? ??? <??? ??? ??? ??- ??? ?? -2~2>
- 22. ?????.