Earthquakes and Faults
Download as pptx, pdf1 like343 views
This three paragraph summary provides an overview of key information from the document: The document discusses different types of faults including dip-slip faults, reverse faults, and strike-slip faults which form at diverging, converging, and transform plate boundaries. Earthquakes occur when built up stress is released along these faults, sending seismic waves. There are three main types of seismic waves: P-waves, S-waves, and surface waves. The 1999 Taiwan earthquake that is the focus of the document measured 7.6 on the Richter scale and caused catastrophic damage across the island.
1 of 12
Downloaded 43 times
Ad
Recommended
Earthquake Terminology & causes
Earthquake Terminology & causes RAMPRASAD KUMAWAT
油
This document discusses earthquake terminology and concepts. It defines key terms like epicenter, hypocenter, magnitude, and intensity. It explains what causes earthquakes, including the movement of tectonic plates. It also briefly discusses tsunamis and methods of earthquake-proofing buildings to withstand seismic activity, such as using flexible materials and separating base columns from the ground.Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05
Quakes by Matthew Falzon, 3.05geographystudents
油
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden movement of tectonic plates. Over time, strain builds up along plate boundaries until the accumulated energy is released, causing the plates to shift in an earthquake. While earthquakes can cause damage near fault lines, most of the energy released travels as seismic waves. In ancient times, earthquakes were attributed to gods like Neptune, who was thought to control both the sea and earth tremors. Underwater earthquakes, or seaquakes, can generate destructive tsunamis by displacing large volumes of water. Tsunamis are a series of enormous waves that travel very quickly but are relatively small in the open ocean.Earth quake resistant structures
Earth quake resistant structuresAkhil Padiga
油
This document discusses methods for earthquake resisting construction. It begins by defining earthquakes and seismic waves, then discusses different types of seismic waves and how their movement causes shaking. It also covers where earthquakes typically occur and how their magnitudes are measured. The document then examines the impacts of earthquakes and how buildings can collapse. Finally, it presents several methods for improving earthquake resistance in structures, such as using shear walls, dampers, and designing foundations to avoid liquefaction or weak soils.Earthquake waves and types of faults caused by earthquake
Earthquake waves and types of faults caused by earthquake Udayram Patil
油
The document explains the concepts of earthquakes, including the theory of elastic rebound, measurement scales (Richter and Mercalli), and types of seismic waves. It covers fault types, their causes, and examples of significant earthquakes associated with each fault type. Understanding these elements is crucial for grasping how earthquakes occur and their impact on the Earth's crust.Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinada
Earhquakes ppt by k.sameera kakinadareddyapo
油
This document discusses earthquakes and seismic waves. It defines an earthquake as any sudden movement of the earth's surface. The focus is where the earthquake originates underground, and the epicenter is directly above on the surface. There are four main types of seismic waves: P-waves, S-waves, L-waves, and R-waves, which each cause different particle motions. The Richter scale is used to measure earthquake magnitudes from 2 to 7, with higher magnitudes capable of greater devastation.Earthquakes
Earthquakes noT yeT wOrKinG!! i M sTilL sTuDInG!!
油
Earthquakes occur when rocks under stress accumulate strain energy and break, releasing seismic waves. There are two types of seismic waves: body waves that travel through the interior of the Earth, and surface waves that travel along the surface. Seismographs record these waves and the analysis of timing between P and S waves allows the distance to the earthquake to be determined. Triangulating data from multiple seismograph stations locates the earthquake epicenter. The magnitude of an earthquake is measured on the logarithmic Richter Scale based on seismic wave amplitude. Earthquakes can cause shaking, ground displacement, tsunamis, and fires. While prediction remains difficult, monitoring subsurface activity may provide future warning of earthquakes.Earthquake Vocabulary
Earthquake Vocabularytscheuch
油
This document defines key vocabulary terms related to earthquakes, including different types of faults like normal, reverse, and strike-slip faults which describe how the rock moves. It also defines seismic wave types like P-waves and S-waves, and explains that the focus is the point below the earth's surface where energy is released. Additionally, it defines the epicenter as the point above the focus on the surface, and magnitude as the power of an earthquake measured on the Richter scale.Earthquakes
Earthquakesrbooze
油
1) Rocks have an elastic limit, meaning they can only bend so far before breaking. Forces within the Earth cause tectonic plates to move and put stress on rocks.
2) When rocks break along faults due to stress exceeding their elastic limit, it causes seismic waves that travel outward from the earthquake focus/epicenter.
3) There are different types of seismic waves - P waves move rocks back and forth, S waves move them at right angles, and surface waves cause rolling and swaying motions, and are most damaging.Faults in the Philippine Setting
Faults in the Philippine SettingLouie Jane Eleccion, LPT
油
This document discusses earthquakes and seismic waves. It begins by defining key terms like mid-ocean ridges and trenches. It then describes how seismographs and seismometers are used to record earthquake waves. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves - that provide information about the interior of the Earth. The document later distinguishes between earthquake magnitude and intensity scales and discusses preparations that can be made for earthquakes.Earthquake
EarthquakeGood Shepherd's Fold, Inc.
油
Earthquakes have been recorded throughout history. Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves. There are different types of seismic waves that move in different ways through the earth, including body waves like P waves and S waves, and surface waves like Love waves and Rayleigh waves. The focus is the point where rocks start to fracture during an earthquake, and the epicenter is the point directly above the focus on the earth's surface. Earthquakes can be shallow or deep, and commonly occur at plate boundaries. It is important to have emergency plans and supplies to stay safe during and after an earthquake. earth movements Endogenic forces
earth movements Endogenic forcesMandeep Kaur
油
This document summarizes different types of earth movements caused by endogenic forces. It describes sudden forces and diastrophic or slow forces, which include epeirogenic and orogenic movements. Epeirogenic forces cause upward or downward continental movements, while orogenic forces are horizontal and cause mountain building through compression or tension. Various types of geological structures like folds, faults, and warping result from these horizontal compressional and tensional forces. Folds can be symmetrical, asymmetrical, monoclinal, isoclinal, recumbent, overturned, or plunge folds. Faults displace crustal rocks and include normal, reverse, lateral, and step faults.Earthquakes(1)
Earthquakes(1)helen de la cruz
油
This document discusses different types of earthquakes, including tectonic, volcanic, collapse, and explosion earthquakes. It describes seismic waves and how they are studied by seismologists using seismographs. P-waves and S-waves are body waves that travel through the earth's interior, while surface waves such as Love waves and Rayleigh waves travel along the surface. Earthquake damage results from these waves and can include landslides, building damage, and liquefaction. The intensity of earthquakes is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale.Earthquakes and faults
Earthquakes and faultsarcie vargas
油
An earthquake is caused by the sudden release of stored energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Faults in the Earth's surface develop from movement or displacement of rock and are zones of weakness where earthquakes can occur. There are three main types of faults - strike-slip, normal, and reverse - which are defined by the movement of the rock on either side. Seismographs use a pendulum that remains fixed while the ground moves beneath it to record the intensity and duration of seismic waves, including primary P waves, secondary S waves, and surface L waves, generated by earthquakes.EARTHQUAKES AND FAULTS
EARTHQUAKES AND FAULTSJimnaira Abanto
油
The document discusses earthquakes and how they occur. It explains that earthquakes are caused by sudden movement along faults in the Earth's crust due to a build up of stress. There are three main types of faults - normal, reverse, and strike-slip - each forming in a different way due to tension or compression in the crust. When friction along a fault is overcome, the fault will slip and move, causing seismic waves that produce shaking during an earthquake. The intensity of shaking and damage decreases further from the earthquake's epicenter.Diastrophism ko
Diastrophism kochuchatism
油
The document discusses diastrophism, which refers to deformation of the Earth's crust through natural processes that form geological features. It provides definitions and theories for diastrophism, including isostasy theory, contraction theory, convection current theory, continental drift theory, and expansion theory. The document also discusses stress and strain, defining these terms and describing the three basic types of each. It explains how stress can cause rocks to fold or fault, forming structures like synclines and anticlines.Earthquakes earthquake measurements slides and pdf files
Earthquakes earthquake measurements slides and pdf filesAmjad Ali Soomro
油
The document explains that earthquakes are caused by sudden movements of rocks along faults, usually occurring at the edges of tectonic plates. It describes the focus and epicenter of an earthquake, as well as the elastic rebound theory, which illustrates how energy is released during an earthquake. The presentation also distinguishes between body waves (P and S waves) and surface waves, detailing their movement and impact during seismic events.Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of Waves
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of WavesShakeel Ahmad
油
1) The document discusses the causes and types of earthquakes. It explains that earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of built-up energy between tectonic plates, which generates seismic waves.
2) It describes the elastic rebound theory of earthquakes, which states that stress gradually builds up along faults until it is suddenly released, causing the plates to snap back in an earthquake.
3) There are different types of seismic waves generated - P waves, S waves, and surface waves including Rayleigh and Love waves. P and S waves travel through the earth's interior as body waves, while surface waves travel along the surface.Earth Quake
Earth QuakeSarath Babu.M.G (犂謹款犂萎瓦犁 犂犂鉦巻犁. 犂犂.犂犂)
油
Earthquakes originate from sudden movements below the earth's surface that cause the ground to shake. Seismic waves travel outward from the earthquake focus, which is the point of origin inside the earth, to the epicenter, which is the point on the surface directly above the focus. Earthquakes are studied by the science of seismology using instruments like seismographs and Richter scales. Major effects of earthquakes include cracks in the ground, landslides, tsunamis, and damage to human life and structures. About 60% occur in the Pacific Ring of Fire region, including Chile, California, Alaska, Japan, and New Zealand. Establishing more seismic stations could help issue earthquake warnings.4.1 earthquakes
4.1 earthquakesmojavehack
油
Earthquakes occur when built-up stress along a fault causes rocks on either side to suddenly slip and move past each other. This slipping vibrates the Earth's crust and causes seismic waves. According to the elastic rebound theory, stress increases in locked faults until the rocks fracture and spring back into a new position, releasing seismic energy. Most earthquake foci are shallow beneath the Earth's surface, where the majority of faults are located. The largest earthquake zones exist along plate boundaries like the Pacific Ring of Fire.Presentation About Seismic Wave
Presentation About Seismic WaveAhmed Barkat
油
1. Earthquakes generate seismic waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the ground to shake when they reach the surface.
2. The characteristics of earthquake ground shaking, such as duration, amplitude, and frequency, are important for how buildings respond.
3. A building's natural frequency determines how much it will vibrate in response to seismic waves - if the ground motion matches this frequency, resonance can amplify shaking and damage.E A R T H Q U A K E S
E A R T H Q U A K E SChescaralba
油
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Faults are fractures in rock where one side has moved relative to the other. Seismic waves, detected by seismographs, include P-waves, which are longitudinal, and S-waves, which are transverse. Surface waves travel near the Earth's surface and can be the most destructive. The magnitude of most quakes is measured on the Richter scale invented in 1934 by Charles Richter. During quakes, it is safest to drop, cover, and hold on until the shaking stops.Physical Geography Lecture 14 - Folding, Faulting, and Earthquakes 112816
Physical Geography Lecture 14 - Folding, Faulting, and Earthquakes 112816angelaorr
油
The document discusses diastrophism, including folding and faulting processes that deform the Earth's crust through different types of stress. It details seismic events, measuring techniques like the Richter and moment magnitude scales, and the effects of earthquakes, particularly the Loma Prieta quake in 1989. Additionally, it covers seismic waves, earthquake hazards, and the potential for tsunamis in relation to tectonic activity.Seismic waves (Grade 10)
Seismic waves (Grade 10)Luwen Borigas
油
Seismic waves are energy waves caused by sudden rock breaks or explosions within the Earth, recorded by seismographs. There are two main types: body waves (primary and secondary) that travel through the Earth, and surface waves (Love and Rayleigh) that move along the surface, causing most earthquake damage. Primary waves compress and pull rocks, secondary waves move side to side, and surface waves create up-and-down motion, with Rayleigh waves being responsible for the most shaking felt during earthquakes.EARTHQUAKE
EARTHQUAKEsuchi4
油
This document discusses seismic waves, earthquakes, and seismology. It begins by listing the objectives of describing seismic wave types, finding earthquake epicenters, earthquake magnitude scales, and challenges predicting earthquakes. It then defines earthquakes and seismology, the study of earthquakes. It describes how seismographs are used to record seismic waves from earthquakes. It discusses elastic rebound theory, earthquake focus and epicenter, where earthquakes occur, and the different types of seismic waves. The document concludes by covering earthquake classification, damage causes, challenges predicting earthquakes, earthquake prone areas, and safety tips before, during, and after an earthquake.Earthquakes
EarthquakesSyed Shah
油
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy from faults or breaks in rocks. The elastic rebound theory explains how stress builds in rocks until the strength is exceeded, causing rupture and the release of seismic waves. The focus is where faulting begins underground, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries and are recorded by seismographs. The size and strength are measured by both intensity scales and magnitude scales on the Richter scale. Earthquake effects include ground shaking and damage that increases in unconsolidated materials. Prediction efforts monitor faults and precursors, but earthquakes cannot be reliably predicted yet.Earthquake Engineering
Earthquake EngineeringTarun kumar
油
This document discusses earthquakes, including their definition, causes, effects, and precautions. Some key points:
- An earthquake is caused by vibrations beneath the earth's surface due to shifting tectonic plates or other disturbances. They can be measured using seismographs.
- The Richter scale measures an earthquake's magnitude - larger quakes over 8.0 occur about once per year globally.
- Earthquakes generate seismic waves that travel through the earth, including P-waves, S-waves, and L-waves.
- Major effects of earthquakes include damage to buildings and infrastructure, tsunamis, landslides, and cracks in the ground.
- PrecautionsLecture earthquake-1
Lecture earthquake-1Dr. H.M.A. Mahzuz
油
The direction of particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.Fault (Science 8)
Fault (Science 8)Lei Calidro Gerardo
油
This document discusses different types of faults in the Earth's crust. It describes dip-slip faults as occurring at an angle of 45-65 degrees with the surface, including normal faults where the hanging wall moves down and reverse faults where the hanging wall moves up. Strike-slip faults involve lateral movement along the fault line in either a left-lateral or right-lateral direction. Oblique faults combine dip-slip and strike-slip movement. Active faults are those which have moved within the last 10,000 years and are likely to produce future earthquakes.World Coolest Intern - Case Study
World Coolest Intern - Case StudyAman Narain
油
A bank launched a crowdsourcing campaign called "World's Coolest Intern" that asked young people worldwide to submit entries explaining why they should be the next intern. Over 1,190 people from around the world submitted entries using various mediums like blogs, videos, and online petitions. The campaign engaged with over 1 million people on social media and provided the bank with new content, partners, and marketing opportunities while highlighting real stories from innovative young people.More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Faults in the Philippine Setting
Faults in the Philippine SettingLouie Jane Eleccion, LPT
油
This document discusses earthquakes and seismic waves. It begins by defining key terms like mid-ocean ridges and trenches. It then describes how seismographs and seismometers are used to record earthquake waves. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, S waves, and surface waves - that provide information about the interior of the Earth. The document later distinguishes between earthquake magnitude and intensity scales and discusses preparations that can be made for earthquakes.Earthquake
EarthquakeGood Shepherd's Fold, Inc.
油
Earthquakes have been recorded throughout history. Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves. There are different types of seismic waves that move in different ways through the earth, including body waves like P waves and S waves, and surface waves like Love waves and Rayleigh waves. The focus is the point where rocks start to fracture during an earthquake, and the epicenter is the point directly above the focus on the earth's surface. Earthquakes can be shallow or deep, and commonly occur at plate boundaries. It is important to have emergency plans and supplies to stay safe during and after an earthquake. earth movements Endogenic forces
earth movements Endogenic forcesMandeep Kaur
油
This document summarizes different types of earth movements caused by endogenic forces. It describes sudden forces and diastrophic or slow forces, which include epeirogenic and orogenic movements. Epeirogenic forces cause upward or downward continental movements, while orogenic forces are horizontal and cause mountain building through compression or tension. Various types of geological structures like folds, faults, and warping result from these horizontal compressional and tensional forces. Folds can be symmetrical, asymmetrical, monoclinal, isoclinal, recumbent, overturned, or plunge folds. Faults displace crustal rocks and include normal, reverse, lateral, and step faults.Earthquakes(1)
Earthquakes(1)helen de la cruz
油
This document discusses different types of earthquakes, including tectonic, volcanic, collapse, and explosion earthquakes. It describes seismic waves and how they are studied by seismologists using seismographs. P-waves and S-waves are body waves that travel through the earth's interior, while surface waves such as Love waves and Rayleigh waves travel along the surface. Earthquake damage results from these waves and can include landslides, building damage, and liquefaction. The intensity of earthquakes is measured using the Modified Mercalli scale.Earthquakes and faults
Earthquakes and faultsarcie vargas
油
An earthquake is caused by the sudden release of stored energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Faults in the Earth's surface develop from movement or displacement of rock and are zones of weakness where earthquakes can occur. There are three main types of faults - strike-slip, normal, and reverse - which are defined by the movement of the rock on either side. Seismographs use a pendulum that remains fixed while the ground moves beneath it to record the intensity and duration of seismic waves, including primary P waves, secondary S waves, and surface L waves, generated by earthquakes.EARTHQUAKES AND FAULTS
EARTHQUAKES AND FAULTSJimnaira Abanto
油
The document discusses earthquakes and how they occur. It explains that earthquakes are caused by sudden movement along faults in the Earth's crust due to a build up of stress. There are three main types of faults - normal, reverse, and strike-slip - each forming in a different way due to tension or compression in the crust. When friction along a fault is overcome, the fault will slip and move, causing seismic waves that produce shaking during an earthquake. The intensity of shaking and damage decreases further from the earthquake's epicenter.Diastrophism ko
Diastrophism kochuchatism
油
The document discusses diastrophism, which refers to deformation of the Earth's crust through natural processes that form geological features. It provides definitions and theories for diastrophism, including isostasy theory, contraction theory, convection current theory, continental drift theory, and expansion theory. The document also discusses stress and strain, defining these terms and describing the three basic types of each. It explains how stress can cause rocks to fold or fault, forming structures like synclines and anticlines.Earthquakes earthquake measurements slides and pdf files
Earthquakes earthquake measurements slides and pdf filesAmjad Ali Soomro
油
The document explains that earthquakes are caused by sudden movements of rocks along faults, usually occurring at the edges of tectonic plates. It describes the focus and epicenter of an earthquake, as well as the elastic rebound theory, which illustrates how energy is released during an earthquake. The presentation also distinguishes between body waves (P and S waves) and surface waves, detailing their movement and impact during seismic events.Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of Waves
Earthquacke Elastic Rebound Theory Types of WavesShakeel Ahmad
油
1) The document discusses the causes and types of earthquakes. It explains that earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of built-up energy between tectonic plates, which generates seismic waves.
2) It describes the elastic rebound theory of earthquakes, which states that stress gradually builds up along faults until it is suddenly released, causing the plates to snap back in an earthquake.
3) There are different types of seismic waves generated - P waves, S waves, and surface waves including Rayleigh and Love waves. P and S waves travel through the earth's interior as body waves, while surface waves travel along the surface.Earth Quake
Earth QuakeSarath Babu.M.G (犂謹款犂萎瓦犁 犂犂鉦巻犁. 犂犂.犂犂)
油
Earthquakes originate from sudden movements below the earth's surface that cause the ground to shake. Seismic waves travel outward from the earthquake focus, which is the point of origin inside the earth, to the epicenter, which is the point on the surface directly above the focus. Earthquakes are studied by the science of seismology using instruments like seismographs and Richter scales. Major effects of earthquakes include cracks in the ground, landslides, tsunamis, and damage to human life and structures. About 60% occur in the Pacific Ring of Fire region, including Chile, California, Alaska, Japan, and New Zealand. Establishing more seismic stations could help issue earthquake warnings.4.1 earthquakes
4.1 earthquakesmojavehack
油
Earthquakes occur when built-up stress along a fault causes rocks on either side to suddenly slip and move past each other. This slipping vibrates the Earth's crust and causes seismic waves. According to the elastic rebound theory, stress increases in locked faults until the rocks fracture and spring back into a new position, releasing seismic energy. Most earthquake foci are shallow beneath the Earth's surface, where the majority of faults are located. The largest earthquake zones exist along plate boundaries like the Pacific Ring of Fire.Presentation About Seismic Wave
Presentation About Seismic WaveAhmed Barkat
油
1. Earthquakes generate seismic waves that travel through the earth's crust and cause the ground to shake when they reach the surface.
2. The characteristics of earthquake ground shaking, such as duration, amplitude, and frequency, are important for how buildings respond.
3. A building's natural frequency determines how much it will vibrate in response to seismic waves - if the ground motion matches this frequency, resonance can amplify shaking and damage.E A R T H Q U A K E S
E A R T H Q U A K E SChescaralba
油
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. Faults are fractures in rock where one side has moved relative to the other. Seismic waves, detected by seismographs, include P-waves, which are longitudinal, and S-waves, which are transverse. Surface waves travel near the Earth's surface and can be the most destructive. The magnitude of most quakes is measured on the Richter scale invented in 1934 by Charles Richter. During quakes, it is safest to drop, cover, and hold on until the shaking stops.Physical Geography Lecture 14 - Folding, Faulting, and Earthquakes 112816
Physical Geography Lecture 14 - Folding, Faulting, and Earthquakes 112816angelaorr
油
The document discusses diastrophism, including folding and faulting processes that deform the Earth's crust through different types of stress. It details seismic events, measuring techniques like the Richter and moment magnitude scales, and the effects of earthquakes, particularly the Loma Prieta quake in 1989. Additionally, it covers seismic waves, earthquake hazards, and the potential for tsunamis in relation to tectonic activity.Seismic waves (Grade 10)
Seismic waves (Grade 10)Luwen Borigas
油
Seismic waves are energy waves caused by sudden rock breaks or explosions within the Earth, recorded by seismographs. There are two main types: body waves (primary and secondary) that travel through the Earth, and surface waves (Love and Rayleigh) that move along the surface, causing most earthquake damage. Primary waves compress and pull rocks, secondary waves move side to side, and surface waves create up-and-down motion, with Rayleigh waves being responsible for the most shaking felt during earthquakes.EARTHQUAKE
EARTHQUAKEsuchi4
油
This document discusses seismic waves, earthquakes, and seismology. It begins by listing the objectives of describing seismic wave types, finding earthquake epicenters, earthquake magnitude scales, and challenges predicting earthquakes. It then defines earthquakes and seismology, the study of earthquakes. It describes how seismographs are used to record seismic waves from earthquakes. It discusses elastic rebound theory, earthquake focus and epicenter, where earthquakes occur, and the different types of seismic waves. The document concludes by covering earthquake classification, damage causes, challenges predicting earthquakes, earthquake prone areas, and safety tips before, during, and after an earthquake.Earthquakes
EarthquakesSyed Shah
油
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy from faults or breaks in rocks. The elastic rebound theory explains how stress builds in rocks until the strength is exceeded, causing rupture and the release of seismic waves. The focus is where faulting begins underground, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. Most earthquakes occur along plate boundaries and are recorded by seismographs. The size and strength are measured by both intensity scales and magnitude scales on the Richter scale. Earthquake effects include ground shaking and damage that increases in unconsolidated materials. Prediction efforts monitor faults and precursors, but earthquakes cannot be reliably predicted yet.Earthquake Engineering
Earthquake EngineeringTarun kumar
油
This document discusses earthquakes, including their definition, causes, effects, and precautions. Some key points:
- An earthquake is caused by vibrations beneath the earth's surface due to shifting tectonic plates or other disturbances. They can be measured using seismographs.
- The Richter scale measures an earthquake's magnitude - larger quakes over 8.0 occur about once per year globally.
- Earthquakes generate seismic waves that travel through the earth, including P-waves, S-waves, and L-waves.
- Major effects of earthquakes include damage to buildings and infrastructure, tsunamis, landslides, and cracks in the ground.
- PrecautionsLecture earthquake-1
Lecture earthquake-1Dr. H.M.A. Mahzuz
油
The direction of particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.Fault (Science 8)
Fault (Science 8)Lei Calidro Gerardo
油
This document discusses different types of faults in the Earth's crust. It describes dip-slip faults as occurring at an angle of 45-65 degrees with the surface, including normal faults where the hanging wall moves down and reverse faults where the hanging wall moves up. Strike-slip faults involve lateral movement along the fault line in either a left-lateral or right-lateral direction. Oblique faults combine dip-slip and strike-slip movement. Active faults are those which have moved within the last 10,000 years and are likely to produce future earthquakes.Viewers also liked (20)
World Coolest Intern - Case Study
World Coolest Intern - Case StudyAman Narain
油
A bank launched a crowdsourcing campaign called "World's Coolest Intern" that asked young people worldwide to submit entries explaining why they should be the next intern. Over 1,190 people from around the world submitted entries using various mediums like blogs, videos, and online petitions. The campaign engaged with over 1 million people on social media and provided the bank with new content, partners, and marketing opportunities while highlighting real stories from innovative young people.Think Fashion
Think FashionNaoko Kawachi
油
Have you ever thought why you wear clothes? How do you see fashion? Fashion is one of communication tools. Fashion is business skill and social literacy. Fashion is very personal. Chibirashka, a personal stylist in Tokyo, explain why you can say so. This material maybe the first step of learning how to wear. Wiki Women Camp 2012 IIEF Report
Wiki Women Camp 2012 IIEF ReportWikimedia Indonesia
油
The document summarizes the WikiWomenCamp conference held in Buenos Aires, Argentina from May 23-25, 2012. Eighteen women from various countries attended the conference, which was supported by several Wikimedia organizations. The conference was designed with an "open conference" concept to allow flexibility. Over the three days, participants discussed challenges women face in contributing to free knowledge movements and shared strategies for outreach. They explored how to support more active involvement of women in spreading free knowledge.Theme 1 Volcanoes Vocabulary2
Theme 1 Volcanoes Vocabulary2PEDH
油
Volcanoes can be summarized in 3 sentences:
Volcanoes form when magma pushes up through cracks in the Earth's crust, bursting out as lava or exploding into the air. Powerful eruptions can blast rock and ash high into the sky, leaving behind a crater at the summit and coating the surrounding area with billowy flows of molten rock or jagged cinders. The molten rock cools and hardens over time into new landforms that are gradually weathered by wind and rain.Lesson 14 vocab
Lesson 14 vocabPEDH
油
The document provides photo credits to 12 different Flickr photos, citing the Flickr username and photo ID for each photo. No additional context or information about the photos is included.RETHINK
RETHINKPEDH
油
The document discusses how humans create homes and communities through cooperation. It highlights photos of different homes and communities from around the world, showing the diversity of living situations while emphasizing our shared need for shelter and social connection.Netcasting Manual
Netcasting ManualConvinsys
油
This manual provides a comprehensive overview of netcasting, focusing on webcasting and podcasting, aimed at non-technical businesspeople. It explains what netcasting is, its historical context, and its evolution, stresses the difference between webcasting and podcasting, and offers practical steps to create your first podcast. Additional resources, a glossary, and a cost model are included to support further learning and understanding.Vocabulary The Grizzly Family Book
Vocabulary The Grizzly Family BookPEDH
油
The document defines and provides examples of several words related to wildlife and the natural environment. It defines the words abundant, aggressive, caribou, subservience, territory, tundra, wariness, and wilderness. For each word it gives a concise definition and includes a related photo to illustrate the term.Test in action week 2
Test in action week 2Yi-Huan Chan
油
This document discusses PHPUnit, a unit testing framework for PHP. It covers PHPUnit installation, writing test cases, assertions, fixtures, organizing tests, and best practices for test naming, structure and design including the F.I.R.S.T. principles. Key topics include using PHPUnit to test classes, methods and exceptions, leveraging data providers, fixtures for shared test setup/teardown, and keeping tests clean with single concepts per test.What? You Dont Use WordPress to Tell Stories? You Lose.
What? You Dont Use WordPress to Tell Stories? You Lose.Convinsys
油
The document discusses the importance of storytelling in business, emphasizing that stories, rather than facts alone, engage customers and enhance sales. It also explains how WordPress can be utilized as a powerful platform for sharing these stories effectively. The author shares personal experiences and practical tips on storytelling and utilizing WordPress for business success.Autobiography
AutobiographyPEDH
油
This document defines and provides examples of key terms related to autobiographies and biographies. It defines autobiography as a story of a person's life told by that person. It also defines related terms like childhood, documentary, ethology, insights, memories, reunion, original, piece, present, and scholarship. Photos accompany most definitions to provide additional context.About MySQL sync_binlog
About MySQL sync_binlog Dehua Yang
油
sync_binlog controls whether MySQL calls fdatasync() to synchronize binary log writes to disk after each transaction commit. Setting it to 0 improves performance but risks losing binlog data if the server crashes, while 1 is safer but still risks losing one event if the cache loses power. max_binlog_size defaults to 100MB but transactions can exceed this, causing binlog files to grow larger for row-based replication that does not split transactions across files.Theme 1 Night of the Twister and Blizzard vocabulary
Theme 1 Night of the Twister and Blizzard vocabularyPEDH
油
The document provides vocabulary related to severe weather events, including definitions and example sentences for words like 'alert,' 'bolting,' 'desperate,' and 'ominous.' It highlights how these terms describe the dangerous conditions and actions during a night marked by a tornado and blizzard. Overall, the focus is on understanding the terminology associated with such emergencies.SXSWi 2011 Writing Workshop with @BettyDraper
SXSWi 2011 Writing Workshop with @BettyDraperHelen Klein Ross
油
The document provides tips and lessons for writing concisely from a workshop on short-form writing led by @bettydraper. It emphasizes telling stories in as few words as possible to maximize audience retention. It encourages simplifying language, considering the target audience, and leaving out unnecessary details. Examples provided include famous short quotes and hints about crafting brief bios and profiles that create a narrative using few words.A Christmas Story2
A Christmas Story2BibliotecaRoque
油
1) A little fir tree grows lonely in the forest until one winter day it begins to snow, filling the tree with joy and wonder.
2) Men soon arrive to cut down trees, and despite trying to hide, the little fir tree is chosen and taken to a family's home.
3) The fir tree loves being decorated for Christmas and bringing joy to the children, though is sad when it is undecorated, but is happily planted in the garden to remain there every year.Dad Goes Flying
Dad Goes FlyingConvinsys
油
The document recounts a father flying again after a 50-year hiatus. It signifies a personal and emotional journey from Greenville to New Bern, NC. The date of this event is June 24, 2009.How Not to Suck at Social Media
How Not to Suck at Social MediaHelen Klein Ross
油
This document provides tips and advice for using social media effectively for brands. It discusses the changing brand-human relationship and how brands are now defined by what others say about them online. It then reviews the most popular social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram, and others, providing statistics on their user bases. The document gives tips for using each platform and stresses the importance of listening, engaging audiences, being responsive, and having patience as social media takes time to develop relationships. Examples are given of how brands like American Airlines, Stella Artois, Old Spice, and others effectively use social media.Ad
Similar to Earthquakes and Faults (20)
LESSON 1: Earthquakes - SCIENCE 8 - QUARTER 2
LESSON 1: Earthquakes - SCIENCE 8 - QUARTER 2ReneathQuerubin
油
The document discusses earthquakes and their causes, particularly focusing on tectonic and volcanic earthquakes, their effects on regions like the Philippines situated along the Pacific Ring of Fire, and the role of geological faults. It explains different fault types, how to prepare for and respond during an earthquake, and the nature of seismic waves involved. Additionally, it covers the implications of earthquakes, including the potential for tsunamis and safety measures to take before, during, and after such events.B.1DRRR Earthquake Hazards.pdf
B.1DRRR Earthquake Hazards.pdfMAHAZELTEOLOGO3
油
1. Magnitude measures the energy released at the earthquake source using seismograph measurements, while intensity measures the strength of shaking felt at a location.
2. Earthquake hazards include ground shaking, surface rupture, liquefaction, tsunamis, and landslides. Ground shaking is caused by the release of built-up stress in the lithosphere.
3. To escape a tsunami, immediately evacuate areas near the shore if a large earthquake occurs offshore. Bring a survival kit and head to designated evacuation centers or high ground, staying alert for waves, floods, and landslides.Earth quake
Earth quakekhanikrar
油
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of built-up strain energy along fault lines in the Earth's crust. Faults occur at boundaries between tectonic plates where the plates slide past each other. There are different types of faults such as normal, reverse, strike-slip and oblique. Earthquake waves called seismic waves radiate out from the hypocenter or focus of the earthquake. P-waves and S-waves are two types of seismic waves that travel through the Earth. Surface waves including Rayleigh and Love waves cause the most damage during an earthquake. Factors like magnitude, distance from the epicenter, local geology can influence earthquake intensity.Earthquakes
Earthquakesmyknolasco
油
Earthquakes occur when tectonic forces cause rocks underground to break, releasing energy in the form of seismic waves. The focus is the point where the rocks break, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. There are three main types of seismic waves - P waves, which move particles back and forth; S waves, which move particles at right angles; and surface L waves, which cause the most damage. We measure the location and magnitude of earthquakes using seismographs to detect and measure the amplitude of the different wave types.Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering-Types of faults
Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering-Types of faultsDr. Nitin Naik
油
1) The document discusses different types of seismic waves that occur during earthquakes including P waves, S waves, Love waves, and Rayleigh waves.
2) P waves are compressional body waves that push and pull as they travel, while S waves are slower secondary body waves that move perpendicular to the direction of travel.
3) Surface waves include Love waves, which produce horizontal motion, and Rayleigh waves, which roll in an elliptical motion that moves the ground up and down and side to side.Earthquake Engineering.pptx
Earthquake Engineering.pptxDr. Nitin Naik
油
1) The document discusses different types of seismic waves that occur during earthquakes including P waves, S waves, Love waves, and Rayleigh waves.
2) P waves are compressional body waves that push and pull as they travel, while S waves are slower secondary body waves that move perpendicular to the direction of travel.
3) Surface waves include Love waves, which produce horizontal motion, and Rayleigh waves, which roll similar to ocean waves and move the ground up and down and side-to-side in the direction of travel.Theory of Elasticity and Plasticit6y (2).pptx
Theory of Elasticity and Plasticit6y (2).pptxDr. Nitin Naik
油
1) The document discusses different types of seismic waves that occur during earthquakes including P waves, S waves, Love waves, and Rayleigh waves.
2) P waves are compressional body waves that push and pull as they travel, while S waves are slower secondary body waves that move perpendicular to the direction of travel.
3) Surface waves include Love waves, which produce horizontal motion, and Rayleigh waves, which roll in an elliptical motion that moves the ground up and down and side to side.Study of an earthquake
Study of an earthquake Jahangir Alam
油
The document provides a comprehensive overview of earthquakes, including their causes, how they occur, and methods for studying and measuring them. It explains the types of seismic waves, their characteristics, and how to locate an earthquake's epicenter using seismographic data. Additionally, it discusses the geological context of earthquakes and the impact of both natural and human activities on their occurrence.Seismic Waves
Seismic WavesCharlene Diane Reyes
油
Seismic waves are waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within the Earth or explosions. There are two main types of seismic waves: body waves and surface waves. Body waves include P waves and S waves, which travel through the Earth's interior. Surface waves such as Love waves and Rayleigh waves travel along the Earth's surface and cause the most shaking during an earthquake. Seismic waves are recorded by seismographs and can provide information about the Earth's interior structure.What is seismology
What is seismologyAh Troy
油
Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves that move through the Earth. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves and surface waves. Body waves can travel through the Earth's interior and arrive before surface waves, while surface waves only move along the Earth's surface. Common types of body waves include P waves and S waves, and common types of surface waves include Love waves and Rayleigh waves, each of which move materials in different ways when propagating.Earthquake.pptx
Earthquake.pptxAfzal7395
油
1) The document discusses causes, effects, and measurement of earthquakes. It describes how earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy from movement of tectonic plates or volcanic activity.
2) Key terms are defined, such as focus, epicenter, and different types of faults. Different types of seismic waves - P, S, Rayleigh, and Love waves - are also explained.
3) Examples are given of major earthquakes, including the 2005 Kashmir earthquake that killed over 80,000 people in Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zone
Earthquake , Tsunami and Subduction zoneMarriel Camacho
油
Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy along fault lines in the earth's crust. The effects of earthquakes vary based on their magnitude and can include widespread destruction and loss of life. Seismic waves, including compressional P-waves and shear S-waves, travel outward from the hypocenter or focus of the earthquake. The location of the epicenter at the earth's surface directly above the focus can be determined using seismic data from multiple monitoring stations. Earthquakes are measured on scales such as the Richter scale and Modified Mercalli intensity scale.What is seismology and what are seismic waves
What is seismology and what are seismic waves Ratul Majumdar
油
Seismology is the study of earthquakes and seismic waves that move through the earth. There are two main types of seismic waves - body waves and surface waves. Body waves can travel through the earth's interior layers, while surface waves move along the surface. The two main types of body waves are P waves and S waves. P waves are compressional waves that move through solid rock and fluids, while S waves move rock particles side to side and only travel through solid rock. The two main types of surface waves are Love waves and Rayleigh waves. Love waves move the ground side to side, while Rayleigh waves roll along the surface and move the ground up and down and side to side.Chapter 11-earthquakes
Chapter 11-earthquakesSteven_iannuccilli
油
Earthquakes are caused by the buildup and sudden release of stress along faults within the Earth. As tectonic plates push against each other, stress accumulates until rocks break, causing vibrations called seismic waves. There are three types of faults defined by the direction of rock movement: normal faults occur when rocks pull apart due to tension, reverse faults occur when rocks are pushed together by compression, and strike-slip faults occur when rocks slide past one another due to shear forces. Seismographs are used to measure the seismic waves and locate the epicenter, or surface point above the underground hypocenter where rock movement begins.Earthquakes revised
Earthquakes revisedkatiewilkerosn
油
Faults form when stresses in the Earth's crust cause rocks to break along fractures. There are three main types of faults: normal faults form when tension pulls rocks apart, reverse faults form when compression squeezes rocks together, and strike-slip faults form when shear forces cause rocks to slide past one another. Most earthquakes occur when built-up stresses are suddenly released as the rocks move along fault surfaces. Earthquake waves travel through the Earth, with P-waves and S-waves causing the ground to shake and damage structures. The resulting shaking can also trigger other hazardous events like tsunamis and liquefaction.Earthquakes
Earthquakesduncanpatti
油
1) Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in Earth's crust from tectonic plate movement.
2) Seismic waves from earthquakes travel outward from the focus, with P and S waves detected by seismographs to locate the epicenter.
3) The magnitude scale is used to measure earthquake strength based on seismic wave amplitude, while intensity scales describe damage levels at a location.Earthquake Notes
Earthquake Notesduncanpatti
油
Earthquakes occur when tectonic forces cause rocks underground to break, releasing seismic waves. The focus is where the rocks break, and the epicenter is the point directly above on the surface. Different types of faults are caused by tension, compression, and shear forces. Earthquakes are measured by their magnitude using the Richter scale and by their intensity of shaking. Locating the epicenter involves measuring seismic wave arrival times at different stations. Earthquake dangers include falling objects, fires, tsunamis, liquefaction, and landslides.Seismic Waves
Seismic Wavescharsh
油
The document discusses different types of seismic waves that are produced during earthquakes. There are three main types of seismic waves: P-waves (primary waves), S-waves (secondary waves), and L-waves (surface waves). P-waves are the first to arrive after an earthquake as they travel fastest, pushing and pulling the ground. S-waves arrive next and cause side-to-side motions. L-waves cause up and down motions and travel along the surface, causing the most damage. The waves radiate out from the hypocenter, where the earthquake initiated underground.Ad
Earthquakes and Faults
- 1. Taipei, September 21, 1999. FAULT LINES AND EARTHQUAKES
- 2. Faults Cracks in the earths crust along which movement takes place.
- 3. There are three different kinds of faults!
- 4. Dip Slip Fault At diverging boundaries, the force stretches the crust. When the stress is too much, the rock breaks and one block moves down a sloping crack. This is called a dip-slip fault.
- 5. Reverse Fault At a convergent boundaries the crust is compressed. When the stress is too much the rock breaks and one block moves up a sloping crack. This is called a reverse fault.
- 6. At transform boundaries the crust grinds against itself as plates move horizontally past each other. When pressure builds and then releases, it is called a strike-slip fault. Faults in action
- 7. Earthquakes A violent shaking of the Earths crust caused by the release of built up energy at a plate boundary. What are earthquakes?
- 8. Earthquakes happen when stress builds, plates push, pull and strain against each other. When plates slip or the lithosphere breaks, there is a sudden jolt of energy that moves through the crust. These waves of energy are called seismic waves.
- 9. Plate Movement Seismic Waves Epicenter The point on the surface directly above the focus. The seismic waves are the most intense at this point because of their close proximity to the focus. FOCUS The point underground where the faulting occurs There are three types of seismic waves P, and S waves (body waves) and surface waves.
- 10. Surface waves, the The initial jolt comes slowest wave, move The slower and stronger from a P or secondary or shear wave close to or on the primary wave. It arrives after the P surface. The Raleigh travels in a fast wave, shaking the ground wave shown above longtitudal fashion. in a crosswise and vertical has similar They can pass motion. S waves properties to an through both solid cannot travel through the ocean wave and can outer core because they cause severe and liquid rock. They cannot exist in molten damage to larger are generally felt as a structures. Surface bang or thump rock. waves
- 11. How do scientist measure seismic waves? Scientists use an instrument called a seismograph. How do scientist express an earthquakes size or magnitude? Scientist use a scale called the Richter Scale. An earthquake measuring 7.5 on the Richter Scale is a major earthquake.
- 12. The September 21, 1999 earthquake that hit Taiwan measured 7.6 on the Richter Scale. The epicenter was in Nantou County in central Taiwan, 150 km south of Taipei. The whole island suffered catastrophic damage. More information on 921 Earthquake Some more information on the 921 earthquake