This document lists 8 species of animals found in the Himalayan region: Markhor, Chakor Partridge, Marcopolo sheep, Himalyan Ibex, Monal Pheasant, Kalij Pheasant, cheer pheasant, and Koklas Pheasant.
This document lists distinguishing physical characteristics of farm animals. It mentions pigs have a snout and fleece, sheep have fleece, a tail, and sometimes horns, and goats have a hide, snout, tail, and sometimes horns.
food and water, Food Chemistry, Constituent of foods i.e water carbohyfrate l...Muhammad Naveed Laskani
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food and water, Food Chemistry, Constituent of foods i.e water carbohyfrate lipid protein vitamin inorganic material other substances Physical property of water
This document provides information about parasitic plants. It defines parasitic plants as plants that derive some or all of their nutritional requirements from another living plant. It then classifies parasitic plants based on where they attach to the host plant and how many nutrients they obtain. Some key classifications mentioned include obligate parasites, facultative parasites, stem parasites, root parasites, hemiparasites, and holoparasites. The document also discusses the evolution of parasitic behavior in plants, seed germination strategies, host interactions, examples of parasitic plants, and plants that are parasitic on fungi.
This document lists the life stages of several common agricultural pests including jassids, whiteflies, thrips, and spotted bollworm. It provides the names for the egg, nymph, adult, and pupa stages of each pest.
The document describes the key parts of several different crop plants and their diseases, including sorghum, pearl millet, mung bean, mash bean, oat, cow pea, rhodes grass, tobacco, sudan grass, lentil, soybean, chick pea, and diseases that affect potato, apple, pear, and wheat crops. It outlines the stems, leaves, flowers, roots, and other distinguishing structures of each plant as well as common plant diseases such as rust, smut, scab, mildew, blight, and wilt.
This document lists over 30 YouTube videos featuring speeches and lectures by Zaid Hamid on topics including the full Quran recitation, discussions on Dajjal, Iqbal's vision of Pakistan, spiritual dimensions of Pakistan, Ghazi Khalid bin Waleed, Naimatullah Shah Wali, the crisis facing Pakistan, Kashmir's past and future, press conferences, and lectures on Indian intentions and Iqbal's vision of completing Pakistan.
This document lists 6 different types of animals: see see partridge, barking deer, porcupine, urial, black partridge, and brown partridge. It appears to be an inventory or catalog of various species observed or encountered. The document provides a brief listing of 6 animal names without additional context or details about each one.
This document lists various animals that can be found near bodies of water including mink, otters, turtles, fish, ducks, geese, coots, king rails, carmorents and more hen.
This document lists 8 animal species found in desert or grassland environments: Black Buck, Chinkara, Desert Hare, Caracal, Fox, Brown Partridge, Himalayan Bustard, and Sand Growse.
Summer and autumn management Of Honey Bee in Mountain to Sub Mountain and Pla...Muhammad Naveed Laskani
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1. During summer and autumn, beekeepers should remove extra frames to prevent wax moth infestation, and unite weak colonies with stronger ones.
2. Bees may abscond due to lack of food, high temperatures, robbing by strong colonies, poor ventilation, or frequent handling; placing entrance guards, improving ventilation, feeding sugar syrup, and pest control can prevent absconding.
3. Beekeepers should feed colonies 50% sugar syrup in the evening and honey comb, and feeding royal jelly or crushed larvae juice to queens can boost egg-laying during summer.
Queen See Lang of China discovered silk production over 4000 years ago when a silkworm dropped into her tea. She had craftsmen produce silk handkerchiefs from silkworm cocoons. The Chinese began systematically rearing silkworms to produce silk, naming the practice "sericulture" after the queen. Silkworms are reared by feeding them mulberry leaves, which causes them to produce silk fibers and create cocoons. The cocoons are harvested and processed to produce silk. Proper conditions such as temperature and humidity must be maintained during silkworm rearing to prevent disease and maximize production.
This document provides information on three pests that affect wheat, maize, and other crops. It describes the wheat aphid (Macrosiphum miscanthi) which feeds on wheat, barley, and oats and can lower plant vigor. It also discusses the armyworm (Mythimna sepatate) which feeds voraciously on crops. Finally, it outlines the maize stem borer (Chilo partelus) which bores into and tunnels inside maize and sorghum stems, killing central shoots. Control methods include using resistant varieties, removing dead hearts, and applying recommended insecticides.
Insect pests of cotton Pakistan Jassid Aphid Whitefly Thrips Red Cotton Bug S...Muhammad Naveed Laskani
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This document provides information on common insect pests of cotton and their descriptions. It lists 9 major pests including their scientific names, descriptions of adults, eggs, nymphs and damage symptoms. For each pest, it mentions active period, number of generations per year, and control methods both chemical and non-chemical. It concludes by providing economic threshold levels for deciding control measures for different pests based on number observed per leaf or plant.
Insect pests of citrus Pakistan citrus psylla Leaf Miner Cirus Caterpiller Muhammad Naveed Laskani
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The document describes several insect pests that affect citrus plants. It provides the common name, scientific name, order, and family for each pest. For three of the pests - Asian citrus psyllid, citrus leafminer, and citrus caterpillar - it then provides more detailed information on distribution, host plants, descriptions of adult/immature life stages, life cycles, damage caused, and management approaches. The pests discussed are the Asian citrus psyllid, citrus whitefly, Woglum's black fly, citrus red scale, citrus leafminer, citrus caterpillar, and citrus fruit flies.
This document provides a brief history of honey bees and beekeeping. It discusses the origins of beekeeping studies in the 12th century by Ibn-ul-Awan. Important developments include the first wooden bee hive created by Dzierzon in the 19th century and the invention of the honey extracting machine and smoker. The document then focuses on the history of beekeeping in the Indian subcontinent and Pakistan, including early pioneers. It concludes with descriptions of the different castes within a honey bee colony: the queen, workers, and drones.
Hone bee Life cycle Apis mellifera Apis Dorsata Apis carana Apis florae in Pa...Muhammad Naveed Laskani
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All bee castes go through three life stages: egg, larva, and pupa. Queen bees develop in 16 days, workers in 21 days, and drones in 24 days. There are four main species of honey bees found in Pakistan. They differ in habitat, comb structure, temperament, and suitability for domestication. Modern beekeeping uses movable frame hives and equipment like veils, gloves, and tools to facilitate honey collection and protect bees. Major honey flows come from plants like toria, citrus, shisham trees at different times of year.
Research & Research Methods: Basic Concepts and Types.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
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This ppt has been made for the students pursuing PG in social science and humanities like M.Ed., M.A. (Education), Ph.D. Scholars. It will be also beneficial for the teachers and other faculty members interested in research and teaching research concepts.
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18Celine George
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In this slide, we’ll discuss on how to modify existing web pages in Odoo 18. Web pages in Odoo 18 can also gather user data through user-friendly forms, encourage interaction through engaging features.
How to Configure Restaurants in Odoo 17 Point of SaleCeline George
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Odoo, a versatile and integrated business management software, excels with its robust Point of Sale (POS) module. This guide delves into the intricacies of configuring restaurants in Odoo 17 POS, unlocking numerous possibilities for streamlined operations and enhanced customer experiences.
Useful environment methods in Odoo 18 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣsCeline George
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In this slide we’ll discuss on the useful environment methods in Odoo 18. In Odoo 18, environment methods play a crucial role in simplifying model interactions and enhancing data processing within the ORM framework.
This document lists 6 different types of animals: see see partridge, barking deer, porcupine, urial, black partridge, and brown partridge. It appears to be an inventory or catalog of various species observed or encountered. The document provides a brief listing of 6 animal names without additional context or details about each one.
This document lists various animals that can be found near bodies of water including mink, otters, turtles, fish, ducks, geese, coots, king rails, carmorents and more hen.
This document lists 8 animal species found in desert or grassland environments: Black Buck, Chinkara, Desert Hare, Caracal, Fox, Brown Partridge, Himalayan Bustard, and Sand Growse.
Summer and autumn management Of Honey Bee in Mountain to Sub Mountain and Pla...Muhammad Naveed Laskani
Ìý
1. During summer and autumn, beekeepers should remove extra frames to prevent wax moth infestation, and unite weak colonies with stronger ones.
2. Bees may abscond due to lack of food, high temperatures, robbing by strong colonies, poor ventilation, or frequent handling; placing entrance guards, improving ventilation, feeding sugar syrup, and pest control can prevent absconding.
3. Beekeepers should feed colonies 50% sugar syrup in the evening and honey comb, and feeding royal jelly or crushed larvae juice to queens can boost egg-laying during summer.
Queen See Lang of China discovered silk production over 4000 years ago when a silkworm dropped into her tea. She had craftsmen produce silk handkerchiefs from silkworm cocoons. The Chinese began systematically rearing silkworms to produce silk, naming the practice "sericulture" after the queen. Silkworms are reared by feeding them mulberry leaves, which causes them to produce silk fibers and create cocoons. The cocoons are harvested and processed to produce silk. Proper conditions such as temperature and humidity must be maintained during silkworm rearing to prevent disease and maximize production.
This document provides information on three pests that affect wheat, maize, and other crops. It describes the wheat aphid (Macrosiphum miscanthi) which feeds on wheat, barley, and oats and can lower plant vigor. It also discusses the armyworm (Mythimna sepatate) which feeds voraciously on crops. Finally, it outlines the maize stem borer (Chilo partelus) which bores into and tunnels inside maize and sorghum stems, killing central shoots. Control methods include using resistant varieties, removing dead hearts, and applying recommended insecticides.
Insect pests of cotton Pakistan Jassid Aphid Whitefly Thrips Red Cotton Bug S...Muhammad Naveed Laskani
Ìý
This document provides information on common insect pests of cotton and their descriptions. It lists 9 major pests including their scientific names, descriptions of adults, eggs, nymphs and damage symptoms. For each pest, it mentions active period, number of generations per year, and control methods both chemical and non-chemical. It concludes by providing economic threshold levels for deciding control measures for different pests based on number observed per leaf or plant.
Insect pests of citrus Pakistan citrus psylla Leaf Miner Cirus Caterpiller Muhammad Naveed Laskani
Ìý
The document describes several insect pests that affect citrus plants. It provides the common name, scientific name, order, and family for each pest. For three of the pests - Asian citrus psyllid, citrus leafminer, and citrus caterpillar - it then provides more detailed information on distribution, host plants, descriptions of adult/immature life stages, life cycles, damage caused, and management approaches. The pests discussed are the Asian citrus psyllid, citrus whitefly, Woglum's black fly, citrus red scale, citrus leafminer, citrus caterpillar, and citrus fruit flies.
This document provides a brief history of honey bees and beekeeping. It discusses the origins of beekeeping studies in the 12th century by Ibn-ul-Awan. Important developments include the first wooden bee hive created by Dzierzon in the 19th century and the invention of the honey extracting machine and smoker. The document then focuses on the history of beekeeping in the Indian subcontinent and Pakistan, including early pioneers. It concludes with descriptions of the different castes within a honey bee colony: the queen, workers, and drones.
Hone bee Life cycle Apis mellifera Apis Dorsata Apis carana Apis florae in Pa...Muhammad Naveed Laskani
Ìý
All bee castes go through three life stages: egg, larva, and pupa. Queen bees develop in 16 days, workers in 21 days, and drones in 24 days. There are four main species of honey bees found in Pakistan. They differ in habitat, comb structure, temperament, and suitability for domestication. Modern beekeeping uses movable frame hives and equipment like veils, gloves, and tools to facilitate honey collection and protect bees. Major honey flows come from plants like toria, citrus, shisham trees at different times of year.
Research & Research Methods: Basic Concepts and Types.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
Ìý
This ppt has been made for the students pursuing PG in social science and humanities like M.Ed., M.A. (Education), Ph.D. Scholars. It will be also beneficial for the teachers and other faculty members interested in research and teaching research concepts.
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18Celine George
Ìý
In this slide, we’ll discuss on how to modify existing web pages in Odoo 18. Web pages in Odoo 18 can also gather user data through user-friendly forms, encourage interaction through engaging features.
How to Configure Restaurants in Odoo 17 Point of SaleCeline George
Ìý
Odoo, a versatile and integrated business management software, excels with its robust Point of Sale (POS) module. This guide delves into the intricacies of configuring restaurants in Odoo 17 POS, unlocking numerous possibilities for streamlined operations and enhanced customer experiences.
Useful environment methods in Odoo 18 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣsCeline George
Ìý
In this slide we’ll discuss on the useful environment methods in Odoo 18. In Odoo 18, environment methods play a crucial role in simplifying model interactions and enhancing data processing within the ORM framework.
How to Setup WhatsApp in Odoo 17 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣsCeline George
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Integrate WhatsApp into Odoo using the WhatsApp Business API or third-party modules to enhance communication. This integration enables automated messaging and customer interaction management within Odoo 17.
Prelims of Kaun TALHA : a Travel, Architecture, Lifestyle, Heritage and Activism quiz, organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025.
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .saanidhyapatel09
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This PowerPoint presentation provides an insightful overview of the Constitution, covering its key principles, features, and significance. It explains the fundamental rights, duties, structure of government, and the importance of constitutional law in governance. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the foundation of a nation’s legal framework.
Finals of Kaun TALHA : a Travel, Architecture, Lifestyle, Heritage and Activism quiz, organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025.
Computer Network Unit IV - Lecture Notes - Network LayerMurugan146644
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Title:
Lecture Notes - Unit IV - The Network Layer
Description:
Welcome to the comprehensive guide on Computer Network concepts, tailored for final year B.Sc. Computer Science students affiliated with Alagappa University. This document covers fundamental principles and advanced topics in Computer Network. PDF content is prepared from the text book Computer Network by Andrew S. Tenanbaum
Key Topics Covered:
Main Topic : The Network Layer
Sub-Topic : Network Layer Design Issues (Store and forward packet switching , service provided to the transport layer, implementation of connection less service, implementation of connection oriented service, Comparision of virtual circuit and datagram subnet), Routing algorithms (Shortest path routing, Flooding , Distance Vector routing algorithm, Link state routing algorithm , hierarchical routing algorithm, broadcast routing, multicast routing algorithm)
Other Link :
1.Introduction to computer network - /slideshow/lecture-notes-introduction-to-computer-network/274183454
2. Physical Layer - /slideshow/lecture-notes-unit-ii-the-physical-layer/274747125
3. Data Link Layer Part 1 : /slideshow/lecture-notes-unit-iii-the-datalink-layer/275288798
Target Audience:
Final year B.Sc. Computer Science students at Alagappa University seeking a solid foundation in Computer Network principles for academic.
About the Author:
Dr. S. Murugan is Associate Professor at Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi. With 23 years of teaching experience in the field of Computer Science, Dr. S. Murugan has a passion for simplifying complex concepts in Computer Network
Disclaimer:
This document is intended for educational purposes only. The content presented here reflects the author’s understanding in the field of Computer Network
Blind Spots in AI and Formulation Science Knowledge Pyramid (Updated Perspect...Ajaz Hussain
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This presentation delves into the systemic blind spots within pharmaceutical science and regulatory systems, emphasizing the significance of "inactive ingredients" and their influence on therapeutic equivalence. These blind spots, indicative of normalized systemic failures, go beyond mere chance occurrences and are ingrained deeply enough to compromise decision-making processes and erode trust.
Historical instances like the 1938 FD&C Act and the Generic Drug Scandals underscore how crisis-triggered reforms often fail to address the fundamental issues, perpetuating inefficiencies and hazards.
The narrative advocates a shift from reactive crisis management to proactive, adaptable systems prioritizing continuous enhancement. Key hurdles involve challenging outdated assumptions regarding bioavailability, inadequately funded research ventures, and the impact of vague language in regulatory frameworks.
The rise of large language models (LLMs) presents promising solutions, albeit with accompanying risks necessitating thorough validation and seamless integration.
Tackling these blind spots demands a holistic approach, embracing adaptive learning and a steadfast commitment to self-improvement. By nurturing curiosity, refining regulatory terminology, and judiciously harnessing new technologies, the pharmaceutical sector can progress towards better public health service delivery and ensure the safety, efficacy, and real-world impact of drug products.