1 of 10
Download to read offline
Recommended
Cephalosporins
CephalosporinsPriyankaBhatta3
Ìý
Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. They work by inhibiting cell wall synthesis in bacteria, preventing the formation of peptidoglycan and leading to cell death. Cephalosporins are administered orally or parenterally and are widely distributed throughout the body, with most being excreted unchanged through the kidneys. Potential adverse effects include hypersensitivity reactions, gastrointestinal issues, pain at injection sites, nephrotoxicity when combined with other drugs, and bleeding due to effects on coagulation factors or platelets.Cephalosporins (Beta lactum inhibitors)
Cephalosporins (Beta lactum inhibitors)ManoharReddy183
Ìý
This document provides an overview of cephalosporins, a class of beta-lactam antibiotics. It discusses the history of cephalosporins, noting they were first isolated from fungus. It describes the mechanisms of action of cephalosporins in inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. The document also classifies cephalosporins into five generations with varying spectra of activity and lists examples of first to fifth generation cephalosporins along with their pharmacokinetic properties and clinical uses.cephalosporin-180714171228.pptx
cephalosporin-180714171228.pptxRashmiShah46
Ìý
The document provides an overview of cephalosporin antibiotics. It defines cephalosporins as a group of broad-spectrum antibiotics originally isolated from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. The summary discusses the key points:
1) Cephalosporins were first discovered in 1948 and are derived from the fungus Cephalosporium. They have a bicyclic nucleus containing a beta-lactam ring that allows them to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
2) Cephalosporins are classified into generations based on their spectrum of activity, with later generations having broader spectra. They are used to treat a variety of bacterial infections and have fewer side effects than penicillin for thoseCephalosporin Antibiotics
Cephalosporin AntibioticsAsraful Islam Rayhan
Ìý
Cephalosporins are a group of antibiotics derived from the fungus Cephalosporium. The first cephalosporin was discovered in 1948. They have a bicyclic molecular structure containing a beta-lactam ring. Cephalosporins are classified into generations based on their spectrum of activity, with later generations having broader spectra. They work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Common indications include UTIs, respiratory infections, and surgical prophylaxis. Side effects include allergic reactions and nephrotoxicity. Resistance can develop through beta-lactamase production or alterations in penicillin-binding proteins. Cephalosporins are commonly used oral and parenteral antibiotics with broad spectrumscephalosporin-180714171228 (1). download
cephalosporin-180714171228 (1). downloadNILESHVALVI3
Ìý
Cephalosporins are a group of antibiotics derived from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. They were first isolated in 1948 and are semi-synthetic derivatives of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid. Cephalosporins are classified into generations based on their spectrum of activity, with later generations having broader spectra. They work by inhibiting cell wall synthesis through competitive binding with penicillin-binding proteins. Common indications include UTIs, respiratory infections, and surgical prophylaxis. Side effects include allergic reactions and nephrotoxicity. Resistance can develop through beta-lactamase production or alterations of penicillin-binding proteins. Cephalosporins are commonly used oral and parenteral antibioticsCEHPALOSPORINS.pptx By Harshvardhan Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand University
CEHPALOSPORINS.pptx By Harshvardhan Dev Bhoomi Uttarakhand UniversityHarshChauhan475104
Ìý
This file includes Complete Description about Cehpalosporins.Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics that are commonly used to treat bacterial infections. They belong to the beta-lactam group of antibiotics, which also includes penicillins. Cephalosporins work by interfering with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to the disruption of the bacterial cell structure and ultimately causing bacterial cell death. These antibiotics are classified into generations based on their spectrum of activity and their resistance to bacterial enzymes called beta-lactamases. There are currently five generations of cephalosporins, each with different properties and indications.First-generation cephalosporins, such as cephalexin and cefazolin, have a narrower spectrum of activity and are effective against gram-positive bacteria, including some strains of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species.
Second-generation cephalosporins, like cefuroxime and cefoxitin, have an expanded spectrum of activity compared to first-generation drugs. They are effective against a broader range of gram-negative bacteria in addition to some gram-positive organisms.
Third-generation cephalosporins, such as ceftriaxone and cefotaxime, have even broader coverage against gram-negative bacteria and are often used to treat serious infections such as meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis.
Fourth-generation cephalosporins, including cefepime, possess enhanced activity against gram-negative bacteria as well as increased stability against beta-lactamases, making them useful in treating complicated infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
Fifth-generation cephalosporins, like ceftaroline, have an expanded spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and certain Enterobacteriaceae species.
Overall, cephalosporins are important antibiotics in the treatment of various bacterial infections, but their use should be guided by appropriate clinical indications and consideration of bacterial resistance patterns to ensure optimal efficacy.ANTIBIOTICS for medical student presentation24.pdf
ANTIBIOTICS for medical student presentation24.pdfabdulqudus23
Ìý
This document provides an overview of antibiotics. It begins by defining antibiotics and describing their sources. It then discusses the ideal features of antibiotics and different classification schemes based on their type of action, spectrum of activity, chemical structure, and mechanism of action. The main mechanisms of action covered are cell wall synthesis inhibitors, protein synthesis inhibitors, disruption of cell membranes, and inhibition of nucleic acid function. Specific classes of antibiotics discussed in more detail include penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. For each class, examples are given along with descriptions of mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, uses, and adverse effects.Cephalosporins 
Cephalosporins SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE
Ìý
This document discusses cephalosporins, a class of antibiotics. It begins by introducing cephalosporins as antibacterial agents that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. It then covers the advantages and disadvantages of cephalosporins, including their stability to acid conditions and beta-lactamases compared to penicillins. The document discusses the mechanism of action, classifications by generation, and spectrum of different generations of cephalosporins. It also covers the pharmacokinetic properties, including distribution, excretion, and ability of some third-generation cephalosporins to cross the blood-brain barrier. Important clinical uses are mentioned, along with indications, adverse effects, and properties of first through fifth generationAntibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018
Antibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018Ravi Kant Agrawal
Ìý
I. Cephalosporin C was the first cephalosporin isolated in 1945 from a fungus. It had low potency and clinical use was limited.
II. Semi-synthetic cephalosporins were derived from 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, with modifications to the side chains improving potency and spectrum.
III. Cephalosporins are classified based on generation, with later generations having broader spectra including Pseudomonas and anaerobes but less gram-positive activity. They remain important antibiotics.Antibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018
Antibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018Ravi Kant Agrawal
Ìý
Cephalosporin C, the first cephalosporin discovered, was isolated from fungus in 1945. While its antibacterial properties were identified, its structure was not determined until 1961. The first commercial cephalosporin was Cephalothin, launched in 1964. Although Cephalosporin C had low potency and limited clinical uses, it served as a lead compound for developing semi-synthetic cephalosporins with increased potency and broader spectra of activity through modifications to its 7-aminocephalosporanic acid nucleus. Numerous generations of cephalosporins were developed with improved properties, expanding the clinical utility of these important antibiotics.β Lactam antibiotics
β Lactam antibioticssterile india pvt. ltd kundli haryana
Ìý
The document discusses various classes of β-lactam antibiotics including penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams. It describes their mechanisms of action, classifications, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses, and adverse effects. The penicillins are further broken down into narrow spectrum, broad spectrum, and extended spectrum categories. Mechanisms, classifications, and uses are provided for each class and some individual antibiotics.Cephalosporin
CephalosporinKiran Niure
Ìý
Cephalosporin is a beta-lactam antibiotic derived from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. It contains a basic dihydrothiazine ring fused to a beta-lactam ring. Cephalosporins inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to transpeptidase enzymes and blocking transpeptidation and carboxypeptidation reactions in cell wall formation. They are classified into generations based on their antimicrobial spectrum, with later generations having broader spectra including Pseudomonas coverage. Cephalosporins are well-absorbed orally or parenterally, widely distributed, and mainly excreted unchanged in urine.Cephalosporins & beta lactams
Cephalosporins & beta lactamsMahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital
Ìý
This document discusses cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams. It describes how cephalosporins are semi-synthetic antibiotics derived from fungi that interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Several generations of cephalosporins have been developed with varying spectra of activity. Carbapenems like imipenem and meropenem have a broad spectrum and are resistant to beta-lactamases. Aztreonam is a monobactam antibiotic that only targets gram-negative aerobic bacteria through interaction with penicillin binding proteins.Cefalotin ppt
Cefalotin pptOyshe Ahmed
Ìý
This document provides information about the antibiotic cefalotin. It discusses cefalotin's structural chemistry as a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. The document outlines cefalotin's chemical and physical properties, dosage and administration, indications for use, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, interactions, side effects, and packaging/storage. The objectives are to describe cefalotin's properties and appropriate use as a parenterally administered antibiotic with activity against gram-positive bacteria.Cefixime leaflet
Cefixime leafletNikhilBansode
Ìý
Cefixime dispersible tablets are used to treat various bacterial infections like urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and typhoid. Each tablet contains 200 mg of cefixime as the active ingredient. Cefixime works by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is absorbed slowly after oral administration and predominantly eliminated unchanged in urine. Common side effects include diarrhea and changes in stool, headache, and dizziness. Cefixime should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment and is generally well tolerated for treating approved bacterial infections.Pharmacology Antibiotics
Pharmacology Antibioticspinoy nurze
Ìý
This document provides an overview of various classes of antibiotics, including their mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and nursing considerations. It discusses penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines. For each class, it describes how they work, common drugs in the class, indications, contraindications, side effects, interactions, and the nursing process for safe administration.CEPHALOSPORINS
CEPHALOSPORINSshrinathraman
Ìý
Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics derived from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. They were first isolated in 1948 and are chemically related to penicillins. There are several generations of cephalosporins that have been developed with expanded spectra of activity. First generation cephalosporins such as cefazolin and cephalexin are effective against gram-positive bacteria. Later generations have activity against more gram-negative bacteria with third generation drugs like cefotaxime and ceftriaxone used to treat serious infections. Cephalosporins are generally well-tolerated but can cause adverse effects like diarrhea, rash, bleeding and hypersensitivity reactions in somePHARMACOLOGY - ANTIBIOTICS
PHARMACOLOGY - ANTIBIOTICSNurse ReviewDotOrg
Ìý
This document summarizes key information about various classes of anti-infective drugs including their mechanisms of action, spectrum of activity, common adverse effects, and examples within each class. It covers penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides - describing their therapeutic uses, contraindications, and implications for nursing care including monitoring patients and providing education.Antibiotics Groups - Phenicoles
Antibiotics Groups - PhenicolesOssama Motawae
Ìý
The document summarizes key information about the phenicol class of antibiotics. It describes the discovery and production of chloramphenicol as the first broad-spectrum phenicol antibiotic. It discusses the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of chloramphenicol and other phenicols like florfenicol and thiamphenicol. The mechanism of action involves binding to the bacterial ribosome. Phenicols are used to treat various infections in animals and humans, though chloramphenicol use is restricted in food animals due to human health concerns. Bacteria can develop resistance through several mechanisms.Antimalarial drugs
Antimalarial drugsTarun Tj
Ìý
anti malerials:
Metabolites of primaquine are believed to act as oxidants that are
responsible for the schizonticidal action as well as for the hemolysis
and methemoglobinemia encountered as toxicities.
Ceforix
Ceforixpriyaakumarr
Ìý
Cefuroxime is a semisynthetic broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic given
orally contains Cefuroxime Axetil, which is bactericidal against many
common pathogens, including many beta-lactamase stranis.Cephalosporin.pptx
Cephalosporin.pptxmdtaieb1
Ìý
1) Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics derived from fungus that were originally used to treat bacterial infections.
2) They are classified based on generation from first to fifth, with later generations having activity against more drug-resistant bacteria.
3) Cephalosporins work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis through binding to penicillin-binding proteins and preventing cross-linking of peptidoglycan.CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTICS (1).pptx part 1 for pharmacy students 6th sem
CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTICS (1).pptx part 1 for pharmacy students 6th semZovia1
Ìý
Cephalosporin part 1 antibiotics for bpharma 6th sem Cefaxe
Cefaxepriyaakumarr
Ìý
Cefixime, like other cephalosporin's and penicillin's kills bacteria by interfering in the synthesis
of bacterial cell wall. Cefixime is an orally
active third–generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against in a variety of
both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
including many beta–lactamase producing strains of streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae,
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae and majority of the enterobacteriaceae
For more information Visit - www.associatedbiotech.comCephalosporins pharmacology presentation
Cephalosporins pharmacology presentationssuser504dda
Ìý
Cephalosporins are a class of semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics related to penicillins. They are classified into generations based on their spectrum of activity and resistance to beta-lactamases. First to fourth generation cephalosporins are described along with examples, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics of cephalexin, cefuroxime and ceftriaxone. Indications, contraindications, side effects and drug interactions are provided for key cephalosporins.Pharmacotherapy in ent 1
Pharmacotherapy in ent 1raju kafle
Ìý
This document provides an overview of various antimicrobial agents used in ENT, including their classifications, mechanisms of action, and important considerations. It discusses classes such as penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. For each drug class, it highlights commonly used examples and provides brief summaries of their spectra of activity, dosages, and side effect profiles. The document is intended as a primer on pharmacotherapy options for infectious diseases relevant to ENT.CHEMOTHERAPY_Cephalosporin.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_Cephalosporin.pdfShaikh Abusufyan
Ìý
This document discusses cephalosporin antibiotics. It begins with an introduction to cephalosporins, noting that they are structurally related to penicillin and are broad spectrum, semisynthetic, and bactericidal. It then discusses the classification of first, second, and third generation cephalosporins. The document covers the mechanism of action, resistance issues, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses for infections like pneumonia and UTIs, and potential adverse effects like hypersensitivity reactions. It concludes with information on carbapenem and monobactam antibiotics developed to treat beta-lactamase producing bacteria.
More Related Content
Similar to Cephalosporijwhyehhwyygb3ns - Shoib.pptx (20)
Cephalosporins
Cephalosporins SMS MEDICAL COLLEGE
Ìý
This document discusses cephalosporins, a class of antibiotics. It begins by introducing cephalosporins as antibacterial agents that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. It then covers the advantages and disadvantages of cephalosporins, including their stability to acid conditions and beta-lactamases compared to penicillins. The document discusses the mechanism of action, classifications by generation, and spectrum of different generations of cephalosporins. It also covers the pharmacokinetic properties, including distribution, excretion, and ability of some third-generation cephalosporins to cross the blood-brain barrier. Important clinical uses are mentioned, along with indications, adverse effects, and properties of first through fifth generationAntibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018
Antibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018Ravi Kant Agrawal
Ìý
I. Cephalosporin C was the first cephalosporin isolated in 1945 from a fungus. It had low potency and clinical use was limited.
II. Semi-synthetic cephalosporins were derived from 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, with modifications to the side chains improving potency and spectrum.
III. Cephalosporins are classified based on generation, with later generations having broader spectra including Pseudomonas and anaerobes but less gram-positive activity. They remain important antibiotics.Antibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018
Antibiotics acting on cell wall 2 cephalosporins 03-05-2018Ravi Kant Agrawal
Ìý
Cephalosporin C, the first cephalosporin discovered, was isolated from fungus in 1945. While its antibacterial properties were identified, its structure was not determined until 1961. The first commercial cephalosporin was Cephalothin, launched in 1964. Although Cephalosporin C had low potency and limited clinical uses, it served as a lead compound for developing semi-synthetic cephalosporins with increased potency and broader spectra of activity through modifications to its 7-aminocephalosporanic acid nucleus. Numerous generations of cephalosporins were developed with improved properties, expanding the clinical utility of these important antibiotics.β Lactam antibiotics
β Lactam antibioticssterile india pvt. ltd kundli haryana
Ìý
The document discusses various classes of β-lactam antibiotics including penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams. It describes their mechanisms of action, classifications, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses, and adverse effects. The penicillins are further broken down into narrow spectrum, broad spectrum, and extended spectrum categories. Mechanisms, classifications, and uses are provided for each class and some individual antibiotics.Cephalosporin
CephalosporinKiran Niure
Ìý
Cephalosporin is a beta-lactam antibiotic derived from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. It contains a basic dihydrothiazine ring fused to a beta-lactam ring. Cephalosporins inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to transpeptidase enzymes and blocking transpeptidation and carboxypeptidation reactions in cell wall formation. They are classified into generations based on their antimicrobial spectrum, with later generations having broader spectra including Pseudomonas coverage. Cephalosporins are well-absorbed orally or parenterally, widely distributed, and mainly excreted unchanged in urine.Cephalosporins & beta lactams
Cephalosporins & beta lactamsMahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital
Ìý
This document discusses cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams. It describes how cephalosporins are semi-synthetic antibiotics derived from fungi that interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Several generations of cephalosporins have been developed with varying spectra of activity. Carbapenems like imipenem and meropenem have a broad spectrum and are resistant to beta-lactamases. Aztreonam is a monobactam antibiotic that only targets gram-negative aerobic bacteria through interaction with penicillin binding proteins.Cefalotin ppt
Cefalotin pptOyshe Ahmed
Ìý
This document provides information about the antibiotic cefalotin. It discusses cefalotin's structural chemistry as a first generation cephalosporin antibiotic. The document outlines cefalotin's chemical and physical properties, dosage and administration, indications for use, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, interactions, side effects, and packaging/storage. The objectives are to describe cefalotin's properties and appropriate use as a parenterally administered antibiotic with activity against gram-positive bacteria.Cefixime leaflet
Cefixime leafletNikhilBansode
Ìý
Cefixime dispersible tablets are used to treat various bacterial infections like urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and typhoid. Each tablet contains 200 mg of cefixime as the active ingredient. Cefixime works by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis. It is absorbed slowly after oral administration and predominantly eliminated unchanged in urine. Common side effects include diarrhea and changes in stool, headache, and dizziness. Cefixime should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment and is generally well tolerated for treating approved bacterial infections.Pharmacology Antibiotics
Pharmacology Antibioticspinoy nurze
Ìý
This document provides an overview of various classes of antibiotics, including their mechanisms of action, therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and nursing considerations. It discusses penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines. For each class, it describes how they work, common drugs in the class, indications, contraindications, side effects, interactions, and the nursing process for safe administration.CEPHALOSPORINS
CEPHALOSPORINSshrinathraman
Ìý
Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics derived from the fungus Cephalosporium acremonium. They were first isolated in 1948 and are chemically related to penicillins. There are several generations of cephalosporins that have been developed with expanded spectra of activity. First generation cephalosporins such as cefazolin and cephalexin are effective against gram-positive bacteria. Later generations have activity against more gram-negative bacteria with third generation drugs like cefotaxime and ceftriaxone used to treat serious infections. Cephalosporins are generally well-tolerated but can cause adverse effects like diarrhea, rash, bleeding and hypersensitivity reactions in somePHARMACOLOGY - ANTIBIOTICS
PHARMACOLOGY - ANTIBIOTICSNurse ReviewDotOrg
Ìý
This document summarizes key information about various classes of anti-infective drugs including their mechanisms of action, spectrum of activity, common adverse effects, and examples within each class. It covers penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides - describing their therapeutic uses, contraindications, and implications for nursing care including monitoring patients and providing education.Antibiotics Groups - Phenicoles
Antibiotics Groups - PhenicolesOssama Motawae
Ìý
The document summarizes key information about the phenicol class of antibiotics. It describes the discovery and production of chloramphenicol as the first broad-spectrum phenicol antibiotic. It discusses the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of chloramphenicol and other phenicols like florfenicol and thiamphenicol. The mechanism of action involves binding to the bacterial ribosome. Phenicols are used to treat various infections in animals and humans, though chloramphenicol use is restricted in food animals due to human health concerns. Bacteria can develop resistance through several mechanisms.Antimalarial drugs
Antimalarial drugsTarun Tj
Ìý
anti malerials:
Metabolites of primaquine are believed to act as oxidants that are
responsible for the schizonticidal action as well as for the hemolysis
and methemoglobinemia encountered as toxicities.
Ceforix
Ceforixpriyaakumarr
Ìý
Cefuroxime is a semisynthetic broad spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic given
orally contains Cefuroxime Axetil, which is bactericidal against many
common pathogens, including many beta-lactamase stranis.Cephalosporin.pptx
Cephalosporin.pptxmdtaieb1
Ìý
1) Cephalosporins are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics derived from fungus that were originally used to treat bacterial infections.
2) They are classified based on generation from first to fifth, with later generations having activity against more drug-resistant bacteria.
3) Cephalosporins work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis through binding to penicillin-binding proteins and preventing cross-linking of peptidoglycan.CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTICS (1).pptx part 1 for pharmacy students 6th sem
CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTICS (1).pptx part 1 for pharmacy students 6th semZovia1
Ìý
Cephalosporin part 1 antibiotics for bpharma 6th sem Cefaxe
Cefaxepriyaakumarr
Ìý
Cefixime, like other cephalosporin's and penicillin's kills bacteria by interfering in the synthesis
of bacterial cell wall. Cefixime is an orally
active third–generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against in a variety of
both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
including many beta–lactamase producing strains of streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae,
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae and majority of the enterobacteriaceae
For more information Visit - www.associatedbiotech.comCephalosporins pharmacology presentation
Cephalosporins pharmacology presentationssuser504dda
Ìý
Cephalosporins are a class of semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics related to penicillins. They are classified into generations based on their spectrum of activity and resistance to beta-lactamases. First to fourth generation cephalosporins are described along with examples, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics of cephalexin, cefuroxime and ceftriaxone. Indications, contraindications, side effects and drug interactions are provided for key cephalosporins.Pharmacotherapy in ent 1
Pharmacotherapy in ent 1raju kafle
Ìý
This document provides an overview of various antimicrobial agents used in ENT, including their classifications, mechanisms of action, and important considerations. It discusses classes such as penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. For each drug class, it highlights commonly used examples and provides brief summaries of their spectra of activity, dosages, and side effect profiles. The document is intended as a primer on pharmacotherapy options for infectious diseases relevant to ENT.CHEMOTHERAPY_Cephalosporin.pdf
CHEMOTHERAPY_Cephalosporin.pdfShaikh Abusufyan
Ìý
This document discusses cephalosporin antibiotics. It begins with an introduction to cephalosporins, noting that they are structurally related to penicillin and are broad spectrum, semisynthetic, and bactericidal. It then discusses the classification of first, second, and third generation cephalosporins. The document covers the mechanism of action, resistance issues, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses for infections like pneumonia and UTIs, and potential adverse effects like hypersensitivity reactions. It concludes with information on carbapenem and monobactam antibiotics developed to treat beta-lactamase producing bacteria.More from DeepakKumarStudyID (20)
The-fundamentals-of-pharmacokinetics-key-processes-and-parameters-20241016113...
The-fundamentals-of-pharmacokinetics-key-processes-and-parameters-20241016113...DeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
.Hyperthyroidism Ppt.pptx
Hyperthyroidism Ppt.pptxDeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder causing hyperthyroidism in 60-80% of cases. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to susceptibility. Smoking increases the risk of ophthalmopathy. Hyperthyroidism is caused by thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins that activate the TSH receptor and cause overproduction of thyroid hormones. Treatment involves antithyroid drugs, radioiodine ablation, or surgery. Ophthalmopathy may cause eye swelling, bulging, and vision issues. Thyroiditis refers to inflammation of the thyroid and can be acute, subacute, or chronic depending on duration and symptoms. Subacute thyroiditis causes thyroid pain and temporary changes in thyroid function. Pregnancy causes changes inFood poisoning.pptx
Food poisoning.pptxDeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
The document discusses food poisoning in children, noting that it is caused by bacteria, viruses, and toxins from contaminated food and water. Common symptoms in children include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, and fever. Doctors diagnose food poisoning through symptoms and treat it with hydration and electrolyte replacement or antibiotics if bacterial. The document emphasizes safe food handling, preparation, storage, and avoiding high-risk foods to prevent food poisoning in children.Pediatrics.pptx
Pediatrics.pptxDeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
Motor disorders in children can be caused by genetic, neurological, and environmental factors and affect a child's ability to control their movements. There are two main types: hypokinesia, characterized by decreased movement and muscle tone; and hyperkinesia, characterized by excessive uncontrolled movements. Treatment focuses on improving muscle tone, range of motion, and movement control through therapies like physical therapy and medication. Communication disorders can interfere with everyday interactions and involve deficits in vocabulary, sentence formation, and social skills. They are often accompanied by difficulties in language use, listening, and conversation organization.Immune response.pptx
Immune response.pptxDeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
There are many tests that can examine the health of the immune system and help diagnose immune disorders. Blood tests can detect typical levels of infection-fighting proteins and immune cells, and determine if the immune system is responding properly to foreign invaders. Prenatal testing of samples like amniotic fluid or placental tissue can check for genetic defects in future pregnancies if a parent has an immune disorder. Treatments involve preventing and treating infections, boosting the immune system, and addressing the underlying cause, which may include long-term antibiotics, immunoglobulin therapy, stem cell transplantation, or gene therapy.2 fundament of surgery.ppt
2 fundament of surgery.pptDeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
The document discusses key principles for surgery including:
1) Mastering surgical instruments and procedures such as cutting, hemostasis, and suturing.
2) Understanding principles of sterile technique and minimally invasive surgery.
3) Ensuring asepsis throughout the operative phases to prevent infection and tumor dissemination.Hypnotic drugs1.pptx
Hypnotic drugs1.pptxDeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
1) Benzodiazepines like diazepam are used for insomnia associated with anxiety. Ramelteon is used if the patient works night shifts.
2) Cyclopyrrolone derivatives like zopiclone and zolpidem practically do not affect sleep structure.
3) Withdrawal from barbiturates like phenobarbital can cause the most severe recoil effects.The-fundamentals-of-pharmacokinetics-key-processes-and-parameters-20241016113...
The-fundamentals-of-pharmacokinetics-key-processes-and-parameters-20241016113...DeepakKumarStudyID
Ìý
Recently uploaded (20)
Information Technology for class X CBSE skill Subject
Information Technology for class X CBSE skill SubjectVEENAKSHI PATHAK
Ìý
These questions are based on cbse booklet for 10th class information technology subject code 402. these questions are sufficient for exam for first lesion. This subject give benefit to students and good marks. if any student weak in one main subject it can replace with these marks.
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby Basnet
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby BasnetBoby Basnet
Ìý
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding Full Note
|| Assistant Professor Boby Basnet ||IAAS || AFU || PU || FUThe Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .saanidhyapatel09
Ìý
This PowerPoint presentation provides an insightful overview of the Constitution, covering its key principles, features, and significance. It explains the fundamental rights, duties, structure of government, and the importance of constitutional law in governance. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the foundation of a nation’s legal framework.
Blind spots in AI and Formulation Science, IFPAC 2025.pdf
Blind spots in AI and Formulation Science, IFPAC 2025.pdfAjaz Hussain
Ìý
The intersection of AI and pharmaceutical formulation science highlights significant blind spots—systemic gaps in pharmaceutical development, regulatory oversight, quality assurance, and the ethical use of AI—that could jeopardize patient safety and undermine public trust. To move forward effectively, we must address these normalized blind spots, which may arise from outdated assumptions, errors, gaps in previous knowledge, and biases in language or regulatory inertia. This is essential to ensure that AI and formulation science are developed as tools for patient-centered and ethical healthcare.
Digital Tools with AI for e-Content Development.pptx
Digital Tools with AI for e-Content Development.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
Ìý
This ppt is useful for not only for B.Ed., M.Ed., M.A. (Education) or any other PG level students or Ph.D. scholars but also for the school, college and university teachers who are interested to prepare an e-content with AI for their students and others.
QuickBooks Desktop to QuickBooks Online How to Make the Move
QuickBooks Desktop to QuickBooks Online How to Make the MoveTechSoup
Ìý
If you use QuickBooks Desktop and are stressing about moving to QuickBooks Online, in this webinar, get your questions answered and learn tips and tricks to make the process easier for you.
Key Questions:
* When is the best time to make the shift to QuickBooks Online?
* Will my current version of QuickBooks Desktop stop working?
* I have a really old version of QuickBooks. What should I do?
* I run my payroll in QuickBooks Desktop now. How is that affected?
*Does it bring over all my historical data? Are there things that don't come over?
* What are the main differences between QuickBooks Desktop and QuickBooks Online?
* And more
How to attach file using upload button Odoo 18
How to attach file using upload button Odoo 18Celine George
Ìý
In this slide, we’ll discuss on how to attach file using upload button Odoo 18. Odoo features a dedicated model, 'ir.attachments,' designed for storing attachments submitted by end users. We can see the process of utilizing the 'ir.attachments' model to enable file uploads through web forms in this slide.Year 10 The Senior Phase Session 3 Term 1.pptx
Year 10 The Senior Phase Session 3 Term 1.pptxmansk2
Ìý
Year 10 The Senior Phase Session 3 Term 1.pptxPOWERPOINT-PRESENTATION_DM-NO.017-S.2025.pptx
POWERPOINT-PRESENTATION_DM-NO.017-S.2025.pptxMarilenQuintoSimbula
Ìý
Rubric level Summary for Teacher 1 to 3, Proficient Teacher. Guide in assessing MOV presented.Computer Application in Business (commerce)
Computer Application in Business (commerce)Sudar Sudar
Ìý
The main objectives
1. To introduce the concept of computer and its various parts. 2. To explain the concept of data base management system and Management information system.
3. To provide insight about networking and basics of internet
Recall various terms of computer and its part
Understand the meaning of software, operating system, programming language and its features
Comparing Data Vs Information and its management system Understanding about various concepts of management information system
Explain about networking and elements based on internet
1. Recall the various concepts relating to computer and its various parts
2 Understand the meaning of software’s, operating system etc
3 Understanding the meaning and utility of database management system
4 Evaluate the various aspects of management information system
5 Generating more ideas regarding the use of internet for business purpose How to Setup WhatsApp in Odoo 17 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣs
How to Setup WhatsApp in Odoo 17 - Odoo ºÝºÝߣsCeline George
Ìý
Integrate WhatsApp into Odoo using the WhatsApp Business API or third-party modules to enhance communication. This integration enables automated messaging and customer interaction management within Odoo 17.The Dravidian Languages: Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Brahui, Kuvi, Tulu
The Dravidian Languages: Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Brahui, Kuvi, TuluDrIArulAram
Ìý
The Dravidian Languages by Arul AramRass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Ìý
Finals of Rass MELAI : a Music, Entertainment, Literature, Arts and Internet Culture Quiz organized by Conquiztadors, the Quiz society of Sri Venkateswara College under their annual quizzing fest El Dorado 2025. 
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slidesCeline George
Ìý
In this slide, we’ll discuss the database population in Odoo 18. In Odoo, performance analysis of the source code is more important. Database population is one of the methods used to analyze the performance of our code. Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Finals - El Dorado 2025Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
Ìý
Cephalosporijwhyehhwyygb3ns - Shoib.pptx
- 2. Definition ï‚ž The first cephalosporins were obtained from a fungus, Cephalosporium acremonium. Later, semisynthetic cephalosporins were developed. ï‚ž Cephalosporins are Beta-lactam antibiotics with 7-aminocephalosporanic acid nucleus.The mechanism of action and development of resistance are similar to those of penicillins.
- 3. Pharmacokinetics ï‚ž Cephalosporins are administered either orally or parenterally. ï‚ž These drugs are excreted mainly unchanged through kidney by either glomerular filtration or tubular secretion. ï‚ž Some cephalosporins are metabolized in the body before their excretion. Cefotaxime is deacetylated in the body before its excretion. Cefoperazone is mainly excreted through bile. ï‚ž Like penicillins, the active tubular secretion of cephalosporins is blocked by probenecid, resulting in higher blood levels and longer duration of action.
- 4. Adverse effects ï‚ž Hypersensitivity:The most common adverse effects are allergic reactions.They are skin rashes, urticaria and rarely anaphylaxis. Cross-reactivity to penicillin is seen in few patients. ï‚ž GI disturbances mainly diarrhoea, vomiting and anorexia can also occur. ï‚ž Pain at the site of i.m. injection mainly with cephalothin. ï‚ž Intravenous cephalosporins can cause thrombophlebitis. ï‚ž Nephrotoxicity is also seen, particularly with cephaloridine, because of which it has been withdrawn. ï‚ž Intolerance to alcohol (a disulfiram-like reaction) has been reported with cefotetan and cefoperazone. ï‚ž Severe bleeding can occur due to either hypoprothrombinaemia (which responds to vitamin K therapy) or thrombocytopenia and/or platelet dysfunction, especially in patients with renal failure.
- 7. Indications
- 9. Conclusion
- 10. THANKYOU