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Earth and life Science Q2 Week 1- for student.pdf
- 1. Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidence
- 2. INTRODUCTION This lesson will help you understand the historical development of the concept of life based on emerging pieces of evidence. This will be trace back the events, processes, and loving organisms existed on earth from the earliest time to present.
- 3. OBJECTIVES 1.Identify the sequence of events at the history of life on Earth. 2.Name the pieces of evidence on the evolution of life on Earth. 3.Recognize the importance of knowing the history of life on Earth.
- 4. What is LIFE SCIENCE? Life Science is collection of disciplines that is made up of theories and principles that tackles the structure and function of living things starting from the molecules level up to entire ecosystem.
- 5. CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE They’re made up of cells They exhibit metabolism They grow and develop Maintain homeostasis They are capable of reproduction They respond to their environment
- 6. TIMELINE OF APPEARANCE OF LIFE FORMS 4.6 – 3.8 BYA - The early Earth is said to be violent because of the meteorites and volcanic eruptions. With this condition, Zircon Crystal was formed. 3.5 BYA – Life on Earth initially began with prokaryotes, discovered in discovered in sedimentary rock formations called stromatolites. 3.0 BYA – the first photosynthetic organism thrived the earth which is blue green algae called Cyanobacteria.
- 7. 2.0 BYA - Appearance of the first eukaryotes and the influx of multicellular organisms occurred 1.2 billion years ago. 500 BYA – The Paleozoic era when the trilobites and cephalopods became dominant in the ocean particularly during the Cambrian and Ordovician. 251 – 65.5 BYA – The Mesozoic era the age if reptiles that has a span 251 to 65.5 BYA divided into Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous period.
- 8. 250 TYA – The Cenozoic era recent life and based on paleontological evidence. Homo Erectus have evolved.
- 9. The universe is about 4.6 billion years old. Life an earth, probably began only between 3.5 and 4.0 billion years ago. Evidence from fossil records show the emergence of the difference life forms. The common ancestors of all life was prokaryotic. Since, oxygen was scare on the early Earth, so the ancestral cell must also have been an anaerobic. There are some challenges encountered in searching for the evidence in early life.
- 10. Cells are microscopic and most have no part so fossilize. The tectonic plate movement have destroyed nearly all the rocks have been heated or undergone processes that destroy the traces of biological material. At present, the oldest cell microfossil (microscopic fossils) are filaments from 3.5 billion-years-old rocks in Western Australia
- 11. The filaments resemble chain of modern photosynthetic bacteria and the rocks in which they occur are the remains of ancient stromatolites. The researchers look for biomarkers specific to eukaryotes. It is a substance that occur only or predominantly in cells of a specific type. Eukaryotes are organisms having true nucleus. The DNA is enclosed within the nucleus whereas DNA of most prokaryotes lies enclosed in the cell’s cytoplasm. The first eukaryotes were protist.
- 12. MEANING Fossil- a fossil is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once living thing from past geological age. Fossil record- history of life as documented by fossils, the remains or imprints of organisms from earlier geological periods preserved in sedimentary rocks. Prokaryote- are organism whose cells lack a nucleus and another organelles. Biomarker- a measurable substance in an organism whose presence is indicative of some phenomenon such as disease, infection or any environmental exposure. Eukaryotes- an organism whose cells have nucleus. Protist- a protist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plants or fungus.
- 13. TYPES OF ORGANISMS EUKARYOTES any cell or organism that possess a - PROKARYOTES - any organism that lacks a distinct nucleus and other organelles due to the absence of internal membranes clearly defined nucleus animals, plants, fungi, & protists May be unicellular or multicellular cell membrane cytoplasm DNA ribosomes Bacteria and archaea Unicellular
- 14. EUKARYOTES Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms, are Eukaryotes.
- 16. PROKARYOTES Prokaryotes are organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and other organelles. Prokaryotes are divided into two distinct groups: the bacteria and the archaea, which scientists believe have unique evolutionary lineages.
- 18. activities
- 19. ACTIVITY 1: It’s a Match! Directions: Column A are evidences while Column B refers to certain timeline. Match them by writing the letter of your answer on the space before the number. ______1. homo erectus ______2. eukaryotes ______3. zircon crystal ______4. dinosaurs ______5. trilobite fossils Column A Column B A. 4.3 BYA B. 2.0 BYA C. Mesozoic Era D. 250 thousand years ago E. Cambrian Period 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. E