This document provides an overview of imaging modalities used in ENT and summarizes the anatomy and common pathologies of the ear, nose, sinuses, and throat. It discusses the basic anatomy of the ear including the external, middle, and inner ear. Common ENT pathologies are described such as chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, otosclerosis, deviated septum, sinus polyps, and angiofibroma. Imaging findings of these conditions on modalities like CT and MRI are shown. The anatomy and diseases of the nose, sinuses, throat are also reviewed.
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Otoendoscopy - Types, Uses, Procedures performed, Advantages and DisadvantagesReshma Ann Mathew
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Otoendoscopy involves using a rigid endoscope inserted into the ear canal to examine the outer and middle ear.
An otoendoscope is a short, rigid telescope that is available in varying diameters and angles between 0-70 degrees. It is connected to a light source and camera for illumination and recording findings. Commonly used otoendoscopes have diameters of 1.7mm and angles of 0 or 30 degrees.
Otoendoscopy allows visualization of the entire tympanic membrane and structures like the sinus tympani, facial recess, and eustachian tube that are usually hidden. It has advantages over microscopy like extending the surgical field and providing multiple angles. Common procedures performed with o
This document discusses endoscope-assisted middle ear surgery. Some key points:
1) Endoscopes allow wide field visualization with minimal exposure and can see behind obstructions or into recesses with less surgical exposure than conventional techniques.
2) Endoscopes are useful for visualizing the epitympanic recess, facial recess, sinus tympani, Eustachian tube, and hypotympanum.
3) Potential indications for middle ear endoscopy include unexplained conductive hearing loss, trauma, cholesteatoma, perilymph fistula, and follow-up for cholesteatoma.
This document discusses the anatomy seen on CT scans of the temporal bone in different planes. It provides details on key structures visible in the axial, coronal, and sagittal planes, including the semicircular canals, cochlea, facial nerve canal, ossicles, and mastoid air cells. Different anatomical compartments of the middle ear are also described based on coronal imaging. The purpose is to identify relevant anatomy, assess disease extension and surgical planning for ear procedures.
The document discusses types of medication errors and strategies to reduce errors. It defines medication error and outlines types including prescribing, dispensing, and administration errors. Examples of errors involving look-alike drugs and illegible handwriting are provided. The document also describes two error reduction strategies: using tall man lettering to distinguish similar drug names and issuing medication error alerts when errors occur.
The document provides an overview of the surface anatomy of the neck, including its fascial layers and compartments. It describes the muscles and neurovascular structures located in the neck. Lymphatic drainage is summarized, as well as the classification of neck dissections and the levels involved. Common incisions used for neck surgeries are illustrated.
This document discusses quality issues related to patient safety, specifically medication errors. It defines key terms like medical error, adverse event, and near miss. It then identifies systems and personnel issues that can contribute to medication errors, such as staffing levels, the physical environment, and a lack of adherence to policies and procedures. The document also outlines the nurse's role in preventing errors and systems that have been implemented, such as computerized order entry and barcoding. It provides an overview of a trigger tool for measuring adverse drug events and discusses the results of a previous study on using clinical decision support systems to change physician ordering behavior and reduce errors.
The document describes the surgical anatomy of the neck, including the boundaries and developmental anatomy from the branchial arches, triangles and fascial layers of the neck, neck spaces, and key muscles like the sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, and omohyoid muscles. It provides detailed information on the structures derived from each of the branchial arches and pouches and delineates the various anatomical regions of the neck including boundaries of the triangles and potential spaces.
Value Of Ear Endoscopy In Cholesteatoma Surgery.Pptaliabbas07
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This document discusses the value of ear endoscopy in cholesteatoma surgery. It finds that ear endoscopy can be used as an adjunct to the microscope to provide educational, diagnostic, and therapeutic benefits. A study of 942 patients undergoing cholesteatoma surgery found that endoscopy assisted in the identification and removal of residual cholesteatoma in 19% of primary cases and 14% of second look procedures. The conclusions are that endoscopy is a complementary tool that can help confirm thorough cholesteatoma removal, assess the adequacy of tympanoplasty, and aid in second look explorations when used alongside the microscope.