1. The document describes several chemical reactions through equations. It introduces reactants and products for reactions such as HCl + NaOH yielding NaCl + H2O.
2. Tables show data for the reaction of Mg and HCl over time, indicating the reaction is exothermic as heat is produced.
3. Different types of chemical reactions are defined such as exothermic, endothermic, and catalytic reactions which speed up reaction rates.
1. The document describes several chemical reactions through equations. It introduces reactants and products for reactions such as HCl + NaOH yielding NaCl + H2O.
2. Tables show data for the reaction of Mg and HCl over time, indicating the reaction is exothermic as heat is produced.
3. Different types of chemical reactions are defined such as exothermic, endothermic, and catalytic reactions which speed up reaction rates.
107. 107
Why does one molecule of NADH
produce 2.5ATP and not 3 ATP?
If you know the electron transport chain and the ATP synthesis by
ATPase (membrane bound enzyme) ,then I will answer in short.
To pass the electrons from NADH to last Oxygen acceptor,total of 10 protons
are transported from matrix to inter mitochondrial membrane. 4 protons via
complex 1,4 via complex 3 and 2 via complex 4. And to make 1 ATP ,4
protons move from inter mitochondrial membrane to matrix via ATPase.
Thus for NADH 10/4=2.5 ATP is produced actually.
Similarly for 1 FADH2, 6 protons are moved so 6/4= 1.5 ATP is
produced.
NCERT gives 3ATP and 2 ATP which is rounded up and is ok for lower
levels but not for graduation level.
108. 108
ATP yield during aerobic respiration is not 3638, but
only about 3032 ATP molecules / 1 molecule of glucose .
Heart liver and kidney
2NADH = 5 ATP