Minnesota Twin Study.pptx - a famous study
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Minnesota Twin Study.pptx - a famous study
- 1. Minnesota Twin Study Nature VS Nurture Taya Plokhova
- 2. What is it? Minnesota Twin Study Reared Apart (MTSRA) is an example of longitudinal study, which was conducted by Thomas Bouchard and his colleagues. It lasted from 1979 to 1999. The purpose was to investigate the roles of genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) in shaping human traits, behavior, intelligence,
- 3. There were four types of twins: 1) Monozygotic (identical) twins which were raised apart 2) Monozygotic twins which were raised together 3) Dizygotic (fraternal) twins which were raised apart 4) Dizygotic twins which were raised together Sample * The sample included 81 pairs of identical twins and 56 pairs of
- 4. Research methods Psychological testing (IQ tests, personality inventories, mental health screenings) Medical testing (height, weight, genetic analysis, Behavior surveys (life satisfaction, habits, attitudes, work history, achievements) Life history interviews ( family environment, relationships, experience) During the study pairs underwent approximately 50 hours of:
- 5. Findings Genetic influence Intelligence: heritability is about 70% in adults Personal traits: 4050% heritable across personality dimensions such as extraversion, neuroticism, openness Mental health: schizophrenia 70% heritable bipolar disorder 80% heritable depression 40-50% heritable Physical traits: height 90% heritable weight strong genetic
- 6. Findings Environmental influence Shared environment had low impact on IQ and personality Non-shared environment had relatively high impact. While identical twins might share genetic predispositions for traits like extroversion, differences in their social interactions or life events
- 7. Criticisms and Limitations 1.Sample Bias: Most participants were Western, middle-class individuals, limiting applicability to diverse populations. 2.Methodological Concerns: Difficulties in fully isolating genetic effects from environmental factors. 3.Overemphasis on Genetics: Critics argue that cultural, social, and economic factors might be underrepresented in the findings.
- 8. Both sets of parents named their adopted boy James. Both boys preferred the nickname Jim, both had a childhood pet dog named Toy, and both enjoyed math and struggled with reading in school. In adulthood both took jobs in security. Both men were married and divorced, both first married a woman named Linda only to divorce her and remarry a woman named Betty. Both had a son they named James Alan (or spelled Allan in one case), and both men vacationed three blocks apart at the same Jim Twins: Separated at birth, but identical lives
- 9. Conclusi on Study supports the importance of genetics on our personal characteristics, but it does not guarantee our outcomes. This study can be helpful in identifying traits that we have generically inherited and be more aware of ourselves. Heredity has been found to play a large role in our development, but that does not discredit the effects that environment and decision making have in our daily lives or nurturing another human being. In the end it is best for us to recognize the role that our genes play, while also controlling what we can control, and blaming your parents for the rest )
- 10. Thank you for your attention!