ºÝºÝߣ

ºÝºÝߣShare a Scribd company logo
Research-Based Principles of Multimedia Design
Click a link to learn more about each category.
Manage Essential Processing
Foster Generative Processing
Reduce Extraneous Processing
Reduce Extraneous Processing
Multimedia should not ¡°overload¡± a learner by forcing them to
process too much information, or unimportant information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
Coherence
Contiguity
Signaling
Redundancy
Coherence
Eliminate extraneous material (¡°fluff¡±) so that only the
most important and relevant information is presented.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This slide has too much going on and
distracts from the important info, which
can confuse viewers.
This video explains coherence in more
detail.
Signaling
Provide clear cues to call attention to the most important
or relevant information for learners in a presentation.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
The key word of each point is in bold, drawing the
reader's eye and emphasizing the key point.
This video explains signaling in
greater depth.
Redundancy
Avoid presenting the same information in more than one
format (e.g. vocally, in images) in the same place.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This video explains redundancy in more
detail.
A presenter should not just read the text onscreen
verbatim. The image on the left is the ideal
method.
Contiguity
Present related information close to each other both
spatially and temporally to allow learners to connect.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This image shows that it is far easier for a learner to
process information when all relevant parts are as close
as possible to one another both in space and time.
This video explains contiguity in more
detail.
Manage Essential Processing
Multimedia should not expect a learner to inherently know
complicated related information in order to fully comprehend.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
Modality
Segmenting Pre-training
Segmenting
Provide information in smaller, easy-to-process ¡°chunks¡±
or sections rather than one large, unbroken mass.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This video explains segmenting in
more detail.Learners have an easier time when
information is broken down into clear
segments.
Pre-training
Give learners an opportunity to familiarize themselves
with key terms and concepts before the presentation.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This video explains pre-training in more
detail.
Pre-training suggests that you must allow learners to
understand the smaller concepts before presenting the
whole.
Modality
When possible, present information vocally rather than in
a printed form, letting learners focus on visual elements.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This video explains modality in more
depth.
Learners respond better to information that is
presented by a speaker, leaving the graphics to
speak for themselves.
Foster Generative Processing
Multimedia should involve the learner and motivate them to
connect with and make sense of the material.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
Image
Personalization Voice
Personalization
Present in an informal, conversational manner to
encourage focus and connection with the information.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
A conversational style allows learners to
feel more comfortable and connected with
the information.
This video explains personalization in
more depth.
Voice
Spoken information should be done so with a human
voice rather than one that is computer-generated.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This video explains the voice principle
in more detail.Whenever possible, a real
human voice should be
used in multimedia.
Image
When onscreen, an ¡°agent¡± should be shown displaying
human-like movement to create a sense of presence.
Click here for more information.
Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing
Home
This video explains image in more
detail.
Learners will respond better to a presentation if
they can see a real person moving and gesturing.

More Related Content

Viewers also liked (13)

C.V. ALAA
C.V. ALAAC.V. ALAA
C.V. ALAA
Ala'a Abed Al-Fattah
?
Expo comu modernismoExpo comu modernismo
Expo comu modernismo
ChristyLeyva
?
Semana 3  Semana 3
Semana 3
CLARA INES DIAZ CASTILLO
?
Metodos anticonceptivosMetodos anticonceptivos
Metodos anticonceptivos
KAREN CABEZAS
?
Dise?o metodol¨®gicoDise?o metodol¨®gico
Dise?o metodol¨®gico
rosarodriguezsepulveda
?
Avances y proyeccionesAvances y proyecciones
Avances y proyecciones
Johanna O?ate
?
The AIESEC WayThe AIESEC Way
The AIESEC Way
AIESESESPM
?
AIESEC 2020 statements
AIESEC 2020 statementsAIESEC 2020 statements
AIESEC 2020 statements
Daria Axenova
?
AIESEC presentation
AIESEC presentationAIESEC presentation
AIESEC presentation
Career Office-Athens University of Economics & Business
?
M¨¦todos AnticonceptivosM¨¦todos Anticonceptivos
M¨¦todos Anticonceptivos
IES Turina/Rodrigo/Itaca/Palomeras
?
ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4
ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4
ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4
yvette wu
?
Expo comu modernismoExpo comu modernismo
Expo comu modernismo
ChristyLeyva
?
Metodos anticonceptivosMetodos anticonceptivos
Metodos anticonceptivos
KAREN CABEZAS
?
Dise?o metodol¨®gicoDise?o metodol¨®gico
Dise?o metodol¨®gico
rosarodriguezsepulveda
?
Avances y proyeccionesAvances y proyecciones
Avances y proyecciones
Johanna O?ate
?
The AIESEC WayThe AIESEC Way
The AIESEC Way
AIESESESPM
?
M¨¦todos AnticonceptivosM¨¦todos Anticonceptivos
M¨¦todos Anticonceptivos
IES Turina/Rodrigo/Itaca/Palomeras
?
ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4
ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4
ݼ¶þ°à½ÌѧÁ¬ÀM³¢4
yvette wu
?

Similar to Multimedia Principles Presentation (20)

What explainer videos are?
What explainer videos are? What explainer videos are?
What explainer videos are?
Paul Miller
?
INTERACTIVE VIDEO TRAINING AND LEARNING
INTERACTIVE VIDEO TRAINING AND LEARNINGINTERACTIVE VIDEO TRAINING AND LEARNING
INTERACTIVE VIDEO TRAINING AND LEARNING
Persephone (Maalika) Rizvi
?
Ten keys
Ten keysTen keys
Ten keys
IBM Rational User Education
?
Emerging Technology for Learning
Emerging Technology for LearningEmerging Technology for Learning
Emerging Technology for Learning
OpenSesame
?
The Hairball of Content - Lightning Version
The Hairball of Content - Lightning VersionThe Hairball of Content - Lightning Version
The Hairball of Content - Lightning Version
The Transformation Society
?
Visual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production Process
Visual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production ProcessVisual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production Process
Visual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production Process
JJisd
?
Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010
Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010
Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010
sschrankler
?
video beats powerpoint
video beats powerpointvideo beats powerpoint
video beats powerpoint
Joe Stephens
?
Corporate LO1 / LO2
Corporate LO1 / LO2 Corporate LO1 / LO2
Corporate LO1 / LO2
Natalie-Lynch
?
[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2
[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2
[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2
Benedict Terry
?
Mostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAids
Mostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAidsMostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAids
Mostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAids
Mostafa A.
?
Accessible Video
Accessible VideoAccessible Video
Accessible Video
ADA Site Compliance
?
How to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bank
How to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bankHow to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bank
How to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bank
Flora Runyenje
?
Creating effective student-edited, self reflective essays
Creating effective student-edited, self reflective essaysCreating effective student-edited, self reflective essays
Creating effective student-edited, self reflective essays
Candice Marshall
?
How to Build your Course.
How to Build your Course.How to Build your Course.
How to Build your Course.
Nathaniel Solace
?
A DIY Science Video Toolkit in 10 Steps
A DIY Science Video Toolkit in 10 StepsA DIY Science Video Toolkit in 10 Steps
A DIY Science Video Toolkit in 10 Steps
thescientistvideographer
?
Work From Home Guide
Work From Home GuideWork From Home Guide
Work From Home Guide
Ryan Bialek
?
Presentation guidelines for biggest loser challenge
Presentation guidelines for biggest loser challengePresentation guidelines for biggest loser challenge
Presentation guidelines for biggest loser challenge
jtrevaskis
?
Ps visual aids
Ps visual aidsPs visual aids
Ps visual aids
hmfowler
?
Flip the Script Friday - Working From Home
Flip the Script Friday - Working From HomeFlip the Script Friday - Working From Home
Flip the Script Friday - Working From Home
Heather Newman
?
What explainer videos are?
What explainer videos are? What explainer videos are?
What explainer videos are?
Paul Miller
?
Emerging Technology for Learning
Emerging Technology for LearningEmerging Technology for Learning
Emerging Technology for Learning
OpenSesame
?
Visual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production Process
Visual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production ProcessVisual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production Process
Visual Storytelling Guide: A Guide to the Video Production Process
JJisd
?
Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010
Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010
Show Me! A Video Help Tutorial; LavaCon 2010
sschrankler
?
video beats powerpoint
video beats powerpointvideo beats powerpoint
video beats powerpoint
Joe Stephens
?
[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2
[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2
[Pro forma] corporate lo1-lo2
Benedict Terry
?
Mostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAids
Mostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAidsMostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAids
Mostafa AboBakr Hosni_AuViAids
Mostafa A.
?
How to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bank
How to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bankHow to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bank
How to create_a_video_product_to_sell_for_click_bank
Flora Runyenje
?
Creating effective student-edited, self reflective essays
Creating effective student-edited, self reflective essaysCreating effective student-edited, self reflective essays
Creating effective student-edited, self reflective essays
Candice Marshall
?
Work From Home Guide
Work From Home GuideWork From Home Guide
Work From Home Guide
Ryan Bialek
?
Presentation guidelines for biggest loser challenge
Presentation guidelines for biggest loser challengePresentation guidelines for biggest loser challenge
Presentation guidelines for biggest loser challenge
jtrevaskis
?
Ps visual aids
Ps visual aidsPs visual aids
Ps visual aids
hmfowler
?
Flip the Script Friday - Working From Home
Flip the Script Friday - Working From HomeFlip the Script Friday - Working From Home
Flip the Script Friday - Working From Home
Heather Newman
?

Recently uploaded (20)

cervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdf
cervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdfcervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdf
cervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdf
SamarHosni3
?
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
saanidhyapatel09
?
DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM
DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAMDUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM
DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM
vlckovar
?
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slidesDatabase population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Celine George
?
TLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptx
TLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptxTLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptx
TLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptx
RizaBedayo
?
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
Association for Project Management
?
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby Basnet
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby BasnetPrinciple and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby Basnet
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby Basnet
Boby Basnet
?
EDL 290F Week 3 - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdf
EDL 290F Week 3  - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdfEDL 290F Week 3  - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdf
EDL 290F Week 3 - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdf
Liz Walsh-Trevino
?
A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India by A...
A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India  by A...A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India  by A...
A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India by A...
Beena E S
?
A PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of Fire
A PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of FireA PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of Fire
A PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of Fire
Beena E S
?
English 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom Obs
English 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom ObsEnglish 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom Obs
English 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom Obs
NerissaMendez1
?
CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptx
CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptxCRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptx
CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptx
PoojaSen20
?
Modeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptx
Modeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptxModeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptx
Modeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptx
maribethlacno2
?
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18
Celine George
?
SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...
SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...
SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...
DrNidhiAgarwal
?
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025
Rass MELAI : an Internet MELA Quiz Prelims - El Dorado 2025
Conquiztadors- the Quiz Society of Sri Venkateswara College
?
Fuel part 1.pptx........................
Fuel part 1.pptx........................Fuel part 1.pptx........................
Fuel part 1.pptx........................
ksbhattadcm
?
How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 Employee
How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 EmployeeHow to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 Employee
How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 Employee
Celine George
?
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil Sir
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil SirAdventure Activities Final By H R Gohil Sir
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil Sir
GUJARATCOMMERCECOLLE
?
Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...
Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...
Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...
sandynavergas1
?
cervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdf
cervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdfcervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdf
cervical spine mobilization manual therapy .pdf
SamarHosni3
?
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
The Constitution, Government and Law making bodies .
saanidhyapatel09
?
DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM
DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAMDUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM
DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM DUBLIN PROGRAM
vlckovar
?
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slidesDatabase population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Database population in Odoo 18 - Odoo slides
Celine George
?
TLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptx
TLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptxTLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptx
TLE 7 - 2nd Topic - Codes and Standards in Industrial Arts Services.pptx
RizaBedayo
?
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
APM People Interest Network Conference - Tim Lyons - The neurological levels ...
Association for Project Management
?
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby Basnet
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby BasnetPrinciple and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby Basnet
Principle and Practices of Animal Breeding || Boby Basnet
Boby Basnet
?
EDL 290F Week 3 - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdf
EDL 290F Week 3  - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdfEDL 290F Week 3  - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdf
EDL 290F Week 3 - Mountaintop Views (2025).pdf
Liz Walsh-Trevino
?
A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India by A...
A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India  by A...A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India  by A...
A PPT Presentation on The Princess and the God: A tale of ancient India by A...
Beena E S
?
A PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of Fire
A PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of FireA PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of Fire
A PPT on the First Three chapters of Wings of Fire
Beena E S
?
English 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom Obs
English 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom ObsEnglish 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom Obs
English 4 Quarter 4 Week 4 Classroom Obs
NerissaMendez1
?
CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptx
CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptxCRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptx
CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING JUDGEMENT.pptx
PoojaSen20
?
Modeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptx
Modeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptxModeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptx
Modeling-Simple-Equation-Using-Bar-Models.pptx
maribethlacno2
?
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18
How to Modify Existing Web Pages in Odoo 18
Celine George
?
SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...
SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...
SOCIAL CHANGE(a change in the institutional and normative structure of societ...
DrNidhiAgarwal
?
Fuel part 1.pptx........................
Fuel part 1.pptx........................Fuel part 1.pptx........................
Fuel part 1.pptx........................
ksbhattadcm
?
How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 Employee
How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 EmployeeHow to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 Employee
How to Configure Flexible Working Schedule in Odoo 18 Employee
Celine George
?
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil Sir
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil SirAdventure Activities Final By H R Gohil Sir
Adventure Activities Final By H R Gohil Sir
GUJARATCOMMERCECOLLE
?
Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...
Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...
Eng7-Q4-Lesson 1 Part 1 Understanding Discipline-Specific Words, Voice, and T...
sandynavergas1
?

Multimedia Principles Presentation

  • 1. Research-Based Principles of Multimedia Design Click a link to learn more about each category. Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Reduce Extraneous Processing
  • 2. Reduce Extraneous Processing Multimedia should not ¡°overload¡± a learner by forcing them to process too much information, or unimportant information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home Coherence Contiguity Signaling Redundancy
  • 3. Coherence Eliminate extraneous material (¡°fluff¡±) so that only the most important and relevant information is presented. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This slide has too much going on and distracts from the important info, which can confuse viewers. This video explains coherence in more detail.
  • 4. Signaling Provide clear cues to call attention to the most important or relevant information for learners in a presentation. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home The key word of each point is in bold, drawing the reader's eye and emphasizing the key point. This video explains signaling in greater depth.
  • 5. Redundancy Avoid presenting the same information in more than one format (e.g. vocally, in images) in the same place. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This video explains redundancy in more detail. A presenter should not just read the text onscreen verbatim. The image on the left is the ideal method.
  • 6. Contiguity Present related information close to each other both spatially and temporally to allow learners to connect. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This image shows that it is far easier for a learner to process information when all relevant parts are as close as possible to one another both in space and time. This video explains contiguity in more detail.
  • 7. Manage Essential Processing Multimedia should not expect a learner to inherently know complicated related information in order to fully comprehend. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home Modality Segmenting Pre-training
  • 8. Segmenting Provide information in smaller, easy-to-process ¡°chunks¡± or sections rather than one large, unbroken mass. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This video explains segmenting in more detail.Learners have an easier time when information is broken down into clear segments.
  • 9. Pre-training Give learners an opportunity to familiarize themselves with key terms and concepts before the presentation. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This video explains pre-training in more detail. Pre-training suggests that you must allow learners to understand the smaller concepts before presenting the whole.
  • 10. Modality When possible, present information vocally rather than in a printed form, letting learners focus on visual elements. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This video explains modality in more depth. Learners respond better to information that is presented by a speaker, leaving the graphics to speak for themselves.
  • 11. Foster Generative Processing Multimedia should involve the learner and motivate them to connect with and make sense of the material. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home Image Personalization Voice
  • 12. Personalization Present in an informal, conversational manner to encourage focus and connection with the information. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home A conversational style allows learners to feel more comfortable and connected with the information. This video explains personalization in more depth.
  • 13. Voice Spoken information should be done so with a human voice rather than one that is computer-generated. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This video explains the voice principle in more detail.Whenever possible, a real human voice should be used in multimedia.
  • 14. Image When onscreen, an ¡°agent¡± should be shown displaying human-like movement to create a sense of presence. Click here for more information. Reduce Extraneous Processing Manage Essential Processing Foster Generative Processing Home This video explains image in more detail. Learners will respond better to a presentation if they can see a real person moving and gesturing.