zigbee communication
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Zigbee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification for creating personal area networks with small, low-power, low-cost wireless connections designed for Internet of Things and machine-to-machine applications. It was created by the Zigbee Alliance, which includes members like Philips, Motorola, Intel and HP. Zigbee supports low data rate transmissions, star or peer-to-peer network topologies, hundreds of devices per network, and low power consumption, making it well-suited for wireless sensor and control applications that don't require high data rates but do need low cost and low power usage.
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053744r00 Zb Mwg 2005 09 11 Zig Bee Alliance Tutorial voracle
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The document discusses ZigBee, a wireless technology standard focused on low-power wireless networks. It provides an overview of ZigBee capabilities including its ability to form large mesh networks of thousands of devices with long battery life. Applications discussed include home automation, industrial controls, and asset tracking where ZigBee's low-power and low-cost features are beneficial. The ZigBee Alliance aims to promote interoperability through standardization and certification.Comparison of 5 Wireless Communication Technologies
Comparison of 5 Wireless Communication TechnologiesAntenna Manufacturer Coco
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This article is about the comparison of 5 kinds of wireless communication technologies, namely Zigbee, Bluetooth, UWB, Wi-Fi, NFC technology.
ZigBee technology in wireless communication technologies
Bluetooth technology in wireless communication technologies
UWB technology in wireless communication technologies
Wi-Fi technology in wireless communication technologies
NFC technology in wireless communication technologies
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This document is a project proposal for implementing wireless data communication using Zigbee technology. It discusses using Zigbee modules to encrypt data from a keypad, transmit it wirelessly between two PCs up to 70 meters away, then decrypt and display the data. The objectives are to provide reliable and secure data transmission with low power consumption. Zigbee is suitable because it supports mesh networking, low data rates, long battery life, and security. The proposal reviews related work using Zigbee in wireless sensor networks for agriculture and discusses how Zigbee can benefit applications in hospitals, homes, and industry. The scope is limited to transmitting encrypted data between two PCs using Zigbee modules.Internet of things Technology Review
Internet of things Technology ReviewArt Garcia
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The Internet of Things (IoT) is a description for embedded
and network cloud technologies that enable remote monitoring and control of sensors
and systems. IoT can be used in commercial, industrial, utility and residential applications.
Youll find the IoTs remote monitoring and control applications in hospitals, parking lots,
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This extensive slide deck provides a detailed exploration of variation and natural selection for IGCSE Biology. It covers key concepts such as genetic and environmental variation, types of variation (continuous and discontinuous), mutation, evolution, and the principles of natural selection. The presentation also explains Darwins theory of evolution, adaptation, survival of the fittest, selective breeding, antibiotic resistance in bacteria, and speciation. With illustrative diagrams, real-life examples, and exam-style questions, this resource is ideal for IGCSE students, teachers, and independent learners preparing for exams.
Role of Secondary Metabolites in Defence Mechanism of Plants and its Regulation
Role of Secondary Metabolites in Defence Mechanism of Plants and its Regulationankitverma144299
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This information is very helpful for biochemistry students.Transgenic Sheep and high quality wool production.pptx
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Transgenic sheep are genetically modified to enhance wool quality and yield through transgenesis. By introducing KAP and KIF genes, scientists improve fiber strength, elasticity, and fineness. This innovation revolutionizes wool production, benefiting the textile industry with superior, high-performance fibers.Simple Phenomena of Magnetism | IGCSE Physics
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This extensive slide deck provides a detailed exploration of the simple phenomena of magnetism for IGCSE Physics. It covers key concepts such as magnetic materials, properties of magnets, magnetic field patterns, the Earth's magnetism, electromagnets, the motor effect, and the principles of electromagnetic induction. The presentation also explains magnetization and demagnetization, methods of making magnets, applications of magnets in real life, and experimental demonstrations. Featuring illustrative diagrams, worked examples, and exam-style questions, this resource is ideal for IGCSE students, teachers, and independent learners preparing for exams.Drug evaluation Organoleptic, Microscopic, Chemical, Biological
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This PowerPoint gives a brief idea about the identification of herbal drug plants with special reference to organoleptic studies. The study comprises different parameters like physical, chemical, biological, and other features associated with it. It offers an idea about the need for scientifically identifying drug plants to avoid adulteration.
Unjustly Incriminating Bacteria: the Role of Bacteriophages in Bacterial Infe...
Unjustly Incriminating Bacteria: the Role of Bacteriophages in Bacterial Infe...christianagboeze2427
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SUMMARY
Based on human relationship with bacteria, virulence is one of the most important case to us. Some forms of virulence thought to arise only from the actions of bacteria are not actually caused by them but are indirectly influenced by another counterpart in the microbial mix of the ecosystem called bacteriophage; viruses that only infect prokaryotes such as bacteria but not eukaryotes. Bacteriophages preferably attack bacteria due to the lack of specific receptors for phages on eukaryotic cells which are found in bacteria e.g. peptide sequences and polysaccharide moieties in gram positive and gram negative bacteria, bacterial capsules, slime layers, flagella etc. They recognize and bind to bacteria using appropriate receptors, subsequently proceeding to inject their genome called prophage into their host. This review focuses on the most probable outcomes of phage-host interactions via the lytic and lysogenic cycles which are therapeutic effect and pathogenicity/resistance to antibiotics respectively. By lysogenic conversion or transfer of acquired genetic materials via transduction, phages can confer unusual traits such as virulence and antibiotics resistance. Important pathogenic bacteria that cause persistent and critical infections which have their pathogenicity engineered by phages include Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus spp., and Clostridium spp.
The prophages influence their virulence in a variety of ways which include: contribution to the production of phage-encoded toxins, modification of the bacterial envelope, mediation of bacterial infectivity, and control of bacterial cell regulation. The unwavering threat of antimicrobial resistance in global health, extreme difficulty involved in developing novel antibiotics, and the rate at which microorganisms develop resistance to newly introduced antimicrobials have sparked urgency and interest in research for effective methods to eradicate pathogenic bacteria and limit antibiotic resistance. As a result, interest in phage therapy has been reignited because of the high efficiency in detecting and killing pathogenic bacteria by phages.
epidemiology (aim, component, principles).pptx
epidemiology (aim, component, principles).pptxlopamudraray88
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To study historically the rise and fall of disease in the population.
Community diagnosis.
Planning and evaluation.
Evaluation of individuals risks and chances.
Completing the natural history of disease.
Searching for causes and risk factors.
WORKING AND APPLICATION OF LC-MS/MS 2025
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LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry) is a powerful analytical tool for comparing innovator and biosimilar drugs. It ensures precise characterization, detecting structural variations, impurities, and post-translational modifications, ensuring biosimilar quality, efficacy, and regulatory compliance in pharmaceutical development.CONDUCTOMETRY presentation for MSc students.pptx
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Scientific Pig Farming Manual for Pig Farmers
Scientific Pig Farming Manual for Pig FarmersDr. Subhrajit Das
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Pig farming, pork farming, pig production or hog farming is the raising and breeding of domestic pigs as livestock, and is a branch of animal husbandry. Pigs are farmed principally for food (e.g. pork: bacon, ham, gammon) and skins.
Pigs are amenable to many different styles of farming: intensive commercial units, commercial free range enterprises, or extensive farming (being allowed to wander around a village, town or city, or tethered in a simple shelter or kept in a pen outside the owner's house). Historically, farm pigs were kept in small numbers and were closely associated with the residence of the owner, or in the same village or town.[1] They were valued as a source of meat and fat, and for their ability to convert inedible food into meat and manure, and were often fed household food waste when kept on a homestead.[2] Pigs have been farmed to dispose of municipal garbage on a large scale.[3]
All these forms of pig farm are in use today, though intensive farms are by far the most popular, due to their potential to raise a large amount of pigs in a very cost-efficient manner.[4] In developed nations, commercial farms house thousands of pigs in climate-controlled buildings.[5] Pigs are a popular form of livestock, with more than one billion pigs butchered each year worldwide, 100 million in the United States. The majority of pigs are used for human food, but also supply skin, fat and other materials for use in clothing, ingredients for processed foods,[6] cosmetics,[7] and medical use.[8]Pig farming has gained importance today. Pigs have inherited capacity to acclimatize with varying climatic conditions. Pigs cannot withstand high temperature climate.
Pigs are adjusted to varied rearing practices and consume different types of food (Omnivorous) to attain higher growth and meat production.
Pigs will attain 60-70kg body weight in 6-8months period.
Female pigs i.e., sows will come to heat at age of 8-9 months but avoid using male pigs (Boars) for breeding purpose until it attains one year of age.
Adult sows when bred during right time after attaining maturity will farrow 8-12 piglets in 112-118 days of gestation period (i.e., about 4 months of gestation). Feedefficiencyis to gain one Kg live weightfor every 2.75-3kg feed consumed (FCR: 1:2.75). There are many advantageous in pig rearing. Pork is available at a cheaper price with nutritious and highly palatable tasty meat of higher quality animal protein. Pig bones are used for producing bone meal and also used for purification of sugar in sugar industry.
The manure droppings and urine are good fertilizers which enhance the soil fertilityand improve grain production.
Pig hairs (Bristles) are used for making brushes and ropes, hooves are used for shirt button making and preparation of gum. Hence, pigs are called as multi utility domestic animals. Farmers can take up piggery farming and reduce their debt burden and improve their profits and livelihood.
ARepeatingFastRadioBurstSourceinaLow-luminosityDwarfGalaxy
ARepeatingFastRadioBurstSourceinaLow-luminosityDwarfGalaxyS辿rgio Sacani
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Wepresent the localizationandhostgalaxyofFRB20190208A, arepeatingsourceof fast radiobursts (FRBs) discoveredusingCHIME/FRB.Aspartof thePinpointingREpeatingChImeSourceswithEVNdishesrepeater localizationprogramon theEuropeanVLBINetwork (EVN),wemonitoredFRB20190208Afor 65.6hr at 1.4GHzanddetectedasingleburst,whichledtoitsverylongbaselineinterferometrylocalizationwith260mas uncertainty(2).Follow-upopticalobservationswiththeMMTObservatory(i25.7mag(AB))foundnovisible hostattheFRBposition.SubsequentdeeperobservationswiththeGranTelescopioCanarias,however,revealedan extremelyfaintgalaxy(r=27.32賊0.16mag),verylikely(99.95%)associatedwithFRB20190208A.Giventhe dispersionmeasureoftheFRB(580pccm3),eventhemostconservativeredshiftestimate( ~ z 0.83 max )implies TheAstrophysicalJournalLetters,977:L4(17pp),2024December10 https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad8ce1 息2024.TheAuthor(s).PublishedbytheAmericanAstronomicalSociety. 30BantingFellow. 31McGillSpaceInstituteFellow. 32 FRQNTPostdoctoralFellow. Originalcontent fromthisworkmaybeusedunder theterms of theCreativeCommonsAttribution4.0licence.Anyfurther distributionofthisworkmustmaintainattributiontotheauthor(s)andthetitle of thework, journalcitationandDOI. 1The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 977:L4 (17pp), 2024 December 10 Hewitt et al. that this is the lowest-luminosity FRB host to date (108 Le), even less luminous than the dwarf host of FRB20121102A. We investigate how localization precision and the depth of optical imaging affect host association and discuss the implications of such a low-luminosity dwarf galaxy. Unlike the other repeaters with low-luminosity hosts, FRB 20190208A has a modest Faraday rotation measure of a few tens of rad m2, and EVN plus Very Large Array observations reveal no associated compact persistent radio source. We also monitored FRB20190208A for 40.4hr over 2yr as part of the Extragalactic Coherent Light from Astrophysical Transients repeating FRB monitoring campaign on the Nan巽ay Radio Telescope and detected one burst. Our results demonstrate that, in some cases, the robust association of an FRB with a host galaxy will require both high localization precision and deep optical follow-up. Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Radio bursts (1339); Radio transient sources (2008); Very long baseline interferometry (1769); Dwarf galaxies (416)
SILICON IS AN INHIBITOR OF CERTAIN ENZYMES IN VITRO
SILICON IS AN INHIBITOR OF CERTAIN ENZYMES IN VITROLilya BOUCELHA
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Silicon is considered an inorganic biostimulant and a prophylactic extracellular agent that allows the stimulation of a
wide range of natural defences against abiotic and biotic stresses. However, little or no work has focused on the direct action of silicon on some enzymes. Indeed, during this study, the action of silicon was studied in vitro by direct contact of this element at different doses with the enzymatic extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) seeds. Our results showed that silicon
strongly inhibited antioxidant and hydrolytic enzymatic activities. The percentage of this inhibition depends on the dose of silicon and the type of enzyme. The most sensitive enzymes to this inhibition were SOD and lipases whose activity was totally inhibited at
4 mM and 7 mM respectively. However, we report that the inhibitory action of silicon was limited to 50% for GPOX whatever the concentration of silicon used, the plateau being reached at 10 mM for GPOX and at 70 mM for proteases. Since these enzymes are mainly metallo-dependent, we hypothesize that their inhibition by silicon may be due to interactions between silicon and the metals involved in the functioning of each enzyme. Our study shows that silicon can be used as an inhibitor of enzymes involved in certain diseases.Successful management of intussusception in a cow under double drip anaesthesia
Successful management of intussusception in a cow under double drip anaesthesiarajvet4163
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Intussusception in a crossbred cow
surgical treatment, double drip anaesthesia and complete recovery of animal with case discussion
2025-03-03-Data-related-Ethics Issues in Technologies for Professional Learni...
2025-03-03-Data-related-Ethics Issues in Technologies for Professional Learni...Graz University of Technology & Know-Center
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How could modern LA research address data-related ethics issues in informal and situated professional learning? I will identify in this talk three relevant insights based on field studies around workplace LA interventions: Firstly, in informal and situated learning, data isnt just about the learners. Secondly, the affordances of manual and automatic data tracking for learning are very different, with manual tracking allowing a high degree of learner control over data. Thirdly, learning is not necessarily a shared goal in workplaces. These can be translated into seeing a potential for systems endowed with sufficient natural-language-processing capability (now seemingly at our fingertips with LLMs), and socio-technical design and scenario-based data collection analysis as design and research methods.Drug evaluation Organoleptic, Microscopic, Chemical, Biological
Drug evaluation Organoleptic, Microscopic, Chemical, BiologicalNistarini College, Purulia (W.B) India
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Unjustly Incriminating Bacteria: the Role of Bacteriophages in Bacterial Infe...
Unjustly Incriminating Bacteria: the Role of Bacteriophages in Bacterial Infe...christianagboeze2427
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2025-03-03-Data-related-Ethics Issues in Technologies for Professional Learni...
2025-03-03-Data-related-Ethics Issues in Technologies for Professional Learni...Graz University of Technology & Know-Center
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zigbee communication
- 1. Zigbee communication Presented by RABIN CHANDRA SHIL BWU/MCA/18/049 Course code : 502B 1
- 2. What is zigbee ? Zigbee is an IEEE 802.15.4-based specification for a suite of high-level communication protocols used to create personal area networks with small, low-power , Low cost wireless connection made for Internet of Things and Machine to Machine Network. Created by the ZigBee Alliance . Philips, Motorola, Intel, HP are all members of the alliance . 2
- 4. Why Zigbee is needed ? No wireless network standard that meets the unique needs of sensors and control devices. wireless systems dont require high data rates but do require low cost and very low current drain. proprietary systems are creating significant interoperability problems with each other and with newer technologies 4
- 5. Features of Zigbee Low power consumption High density of nodes per network Simple protocol, global implementation Network Flexibility Small size-less than 9 mm*9 mm Hundreds of devices per Network 5
- 6. Zigbee characteristics Data rates of 20 kbps and up to 250 kbps Star or Peer-to-Peer network topologies Support for Low Latency Devices Handshaking Low Power Usage consumption 3 Frequencies bands with 27 channels Extremely low duty-cycle 6
- 8. 8