Spanish grammar book
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This document provides an overview of key concepts in Spanish grammar, including: 1) The difference between qu辿 and cu叩l and their typical uses in questions. 2) Mnemonic devices like D.O.C.T.O.R. and P.E.D. to remember uses of ser. 3) Uses of estar with helping verbs like gustar and forms of verbs like -ing, -ando, and -iendo. 4) Common transition words and triggers for the imperfect tense. 5) Forms and uses of reflexive verbs, t炭 commands, and attaching object pronouns.
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Spanish grammar book
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This document provides a summary of key grammar concepts in Spanish, including:
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- Using SER and ESTAR to describe characteristics, location, events, and more
- Verbs like gustar that require an indirect object pronoun
- Forming the preterite tense of regular verbs
- Commands using the informal "t炭" form
- Reflexive verbs and using se
- Transition words and phrases for time and locationSpanish grammar book Jack Grigsby
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Spanish grammar book
- 1. Spanish Grammar Book By: Benito Warren 2 nd period
- 2. Table of Contents Qu辿 vs Cu叩l Ser: D.O.C.T.O.R. P.E.D. Estar: Helping Verbs Like Gustar Transition Words Imperfect Triggers Acabar Hacer + Formulas Reflexives T炭 Commands DOP + Placement Preterite
- 3. Qu辿 vs Cu叩l Qu辿 is usually used to ask for directions. Often used before the noun. Ex. 多Qu辿 hace us presidente? Cu叩l is often used for asking about a cerain group. Often used before es or forms of ser . Ex. 多Cu叩l miras? Qu辿 Cu叩l
- 4. Ser: D.O.C.T.O.R. P.E.D. D= Descriptions- 多Qu辿 es? O= Origin- 多De dond辿 es? C= Characteristics- 多Com坦 es? T= Time- 多Qu辿 hora es? O= Occupation- R= Relationships- 多Quien es? P= Possessions- 多De quienes? E= Events- 多Cuand坦 es? D= Dates- 多Qu辿 dia es hoy?
- 5. Estar: Helping H= Health- 多Com坦 estas? E= Emotions- 多Com坦 estas? L= Location- 多Donde estas? P= Present Condition- 多Com坦 esta? ING- Present Progessive AR- ando ER/ IR- endo/ yendo
- 6. Gustar Something is pleasing Te gusta(n)= To like. Le gusta(n)= He or she likes. Nos gusta(n)= We like. Les gusta(n)= They like. Gustan when plural.
- 7. Transition Words Afterward= despu辿s Again= otra vez Also= tambi辿n Always= siempre And= y Before= antes de But= pero Finally= finalmente Never= nunca Next= luego Now= ahora Soon= pronto Then= entonces Too= tambi辿n When= cuando Yesterday= ayer
- 8. Imperfect Repeated action Ongoing action No definite beginning or end Includes time, date, feelings, age and descriptions Interrupted activity- Cuando -Ar -aba -abamos -abas -aba -aban -er/-ir -ia -iamos -ias -ia -ian ser -era -eramos -eras -era -eran ver -veia -veiamos -veias -veia -veian
- 9. Triggers Todos los dias- every day A menudo- often A veces- sometimes Siempre- always Cada dia- every day Los lunes- monday Generalmente- generally Mientras- as Muchas veces- many times Frequentemente- frequnetly
- 10. Acabar Acabar de + infinitive = to have just done something Ex. Acabo de correr.
- 11. Hacer + Formulas Hacer describes the time of an action that has taken place. Formulas Hace + Time + que + verb Hace + que + infinative Se prohibe + infinative Ir + a + infinatve
- 12. Reflexives The subject and the verb are the same. Always ends in se. Reflexive pronouns are added when the se ending is dropped.
- 13. T炭 Commands When telling someone to do something, just drop the s. Come or Lava When making it negative, as in telling them not to do something. Add no in the beginning. No comes or No lavas
- 14. DOP + Placement When there is a word such as lo or la you can add it to the end of a verb to make the sentence shorter. Although you dont have to it makes it easier. Though if attached, an accent must be placed over the third syllable. Ex. C坦melo. or Lavalo.
- 15. Preterite -Ar Aste Amos Aron -Er/-Ir Iste I坦 Imos Ieron The preterite is used for actions that have been in the past.