The document discusses using light instead of electricity for digital logic circuits to overcome limitations of miniaturized electronic systems. It proposes that optical switching speeds could exceed electrical switching and have very low power consumption. Photonic crystals that selectively allow or block wavelengths could be used to efficiently channel and manipulate light for all-optical digital devices. Specifically, electro-optic devices have been made using opals and inverse opals that can tune photonic crystals by changing their behavior in an electric field, and all-optical circuits could theoretically operate faster than electro-optic circuits since they would not require converting between light and electricity.
The document discusses using light instead of electricity for digital logic circuits to overcome limitations of miniaturized electronic systems. It proposes that optical switching speeds could exceed electrical switching and have very low power consumption. Photonic crystals that selectively allow or block wavelengths could be used to efficiently channel and manipulate light for all-optical digital devices. Specifically, electro-optic devices have been made using opals and inverse opals that can tune photonic crystals by changing their behavior in an electric field, and all-optical circuits could theoretically operate faster than electro-optic circuits since they would not require converting between light and electricity.
The document discusses the maximum clique problem in graphs. It introduces the problem, describes algorithms like Bron-Kerbosch for finding maximum cliques, and discusses applications and the complexity of solving the problem. The Bron-Kerbosch algorithm uses backtracking to efficiently find all maximal cliques in a graph. While the problem is NP-hard, this algorithm runs in polynomial time for fixed size cliques.