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Spanish grammer book
- 1. Grammar Book Diego Taylor
- 2. Table of Contents Ser Estar Verbs Like Gustar Hacer Expressions Verbs in the Preterit Preterit Trigger Words -Car, -Gar, -Zars Spock Verbs Cucaracha Verbs Snake Verbs Snakeyes Commands Irregular Commands DOP IOP Only time OPs can Hook onto Verbs Se Impersonal
- 3. Ser To be Used for: Descriptions Origin Characteristics Time Occupations Relationships Possessions Events Dates
- 4. Estar To be How you feel and where you are is when you use estar. Sra. Rodriguez Health Emotions Location Present Condition I N G
- 5. Verbs Like Gustar Gustar verbs only conjugate into the Usted, Ustedes and in some cases the t炭 forms. Gustar Gusta Gustas Gustan Faltar Falta Faltas Faltan Doler Duele Dueles Duelen Fascinar Fascina Fascinas Fasinan Molestar Molesta Molestas Molestan
- 6. Hacer Expressions Hacer expressions are used to express time Hace + Time + Que + Verb Example Hace tres dias que trabajo aqu鱈 I have been working here for three days Hace tres dias que empec 辿 a trabajar aqu鱈 I started working here three years ago
- 7. Verbs in The Preterit The preterit is used when an action has a definite beginning and/or end.
- 8. Preterit Trigger Words Words or phrases that are used to call for the use of a preterit verb Ex. Ayer=yesterday El otro dia=the other day El dia anterior=the day before Va a vez=one time Ayer por la ma単ana=yesterday morning
- 9. Preterit Triggers cont. El fin de samana passado=last weekend Entonces=then En ese memento=in that moment Hace dos dias=two days ago
- 10. Preterit irregulars, -Car, -Gar, -Zar First grouping of irregular preterit verbs Only conjugated differently in the yo form Car -> qu辿 Tocar-> toqu辿 Gar -> u辿 Jugar-> jugu辿 Zar -> c辿 comenzar-> comenc辿
- 11. Spock Verbs Spock verbs are the second grouping of irregular verbs in the preterit Hacer: hice hiciste hizo hicimos hicieron Ir/ser: fui fuiste fue fuimos fueron Dar: di diste dio dimos dieron Ver: vi viste vio vimos vieron
- 12. Cucaracha Verbs Third grouping of irregular preterit verbs Only the base of verb changes while preterit endings stay same Andar=anduv- Estar=estuv- Poder=pud- Poner=pus- Querer=quis- Saber=sup- Tener=tuv- Vener=vin
- 13. Cucaracha Verbs cont. Conduceir=conduj- Producir=produj Traducir=traduj- Decir=dij- Traer=traj- If verb conjugation ends in a j drop the I in the ending if it follows the j.
- 14. Snake Verbs Change the root of the verb in the preterit only in the usted and ustedes forms. Ex.
- 15. Snakeys Only change in usted and ustedes Add y to beginning of suffix Verbs like leer, creer, and o鱈r Ex.
- 16. Commands Affirmative commands in the tu form are formed by simply dropping the s at the end Affirmative commands in the usted and ustedes forms change the verb to the yo form and change to opposite vowel Opposite vowel means if verb is ar change the o to e and if an er verb change o to a A Direct object, DO, can be added to an affermitive
- 17. Commands cont. For negative commands in the tu form put in yo for, change to opposite vowel and add an s For the negative usted and ustedes form follow same rule as above but place no before the verb Warning: DOP and IOP do not connect to negative verb commands
- 18. Irregular Commands For the negative tu form the irregulars are different then the other irregulars Di Haz Ve Pon Sal Se Ten Ven
- 19. Irregular Commands cont. For all other forms of commands the irregulars are the TVDISHES T=tenga V=venga D=d辿 I=ir=vaya S=sea H=haga E=est辿 S=sepa
- 20. DOP A DOP answers the question who or what The DOPs are: me, te, lo/la/se, nos, and los/las/se se is used when two objects that start with L are together Can exist without an IOP
- 21. IOP IOPs can only be used with a DOP present in the setence Answers the question to whom or for whom Me, te, le/se, nos, los las Is the receiver of action Se lo di= I gave it to her The se is actually a le but changes to se
- 22. Only time Object Pronouns can Hook onto a Verb 1: if the verb is in the un-conjugated infinitive form 2: in affirmative commands 3: if the verb is in gerund form
- 23. Se Impersonal se is used to not specify the person who is committing the action It is only used when the verb is in the usted form Can be used in all tenses of the verb Se habla espa単ol aqu鱈. => An unspecified person speeks spanish here.