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Distinct Characteristics, Elements, Principles and
Functions of Artworks of the Neoclassical and
Romantic Periods
? NEOCLASSICISM, (1780-1840) The word neoclassic came from the
Greek word neos meaning new and the Latin word classicus which is
similar in meaning to the English phrase first class.
? The Western movement in decorative and visual arts was called
Neoclassicism. It also applies to literature, theater, music, and
architecture that were influenced by the classical art and culture of
Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.
? The Neoclassical movement coincided with the 18th century Age of
Reason also known as the Age of Enlightenment. The art style in this
period was brought about by the renewed interest in Greek and
Roman classics.

Neoclassical art pieces such as paintings, sculpture and architecture generally portrayed Roman history which elevated the
Roman heroes.
Characteristics:
-Portrayal of Roman history
–Formal composition
– The use of diagonals to show the peak of an emotion or moment (versus a regular moment)
- Local color - overall lighting
- Classic geo-structure.
Neoclassicism Classicism:
This is the renewed interest in classical ideals and forms that
influenced European and American society through idea,
politics and fine arts during the 18th and 19th century. It also
refers to the art forms created after but inspired by the ancient
times. This period was derived from the Classicism movement.
This is the period in which Greek and Roman principles and
styles were reflected in society
Neoclassical Painting
Neoclassical artists embraced the ideals of order and moderation in which artistic interpretations of classic Greek and Roman
history were restored to realistic portrayals. Neoclassical painters gave great importance to the costumes, settings and details of
classical subject-matter without adding distracting details but with as much historical accuracy as possible.

? Neoclassical Sculptures
The Neoclassical period was one of the great ages of public sculpture. Artists looked to Roman styles during the time of
Alexander the Great for inspiration as well as to mimic their style.
? Neoclassical Architecture
Neoclassical architectural styles started in the mid-18th century. It turned away from the grandeur of Rococo style and the Late
Baroque. In its purest form, neoclassical architecture was a style principally derived from the architecture of Classical Greece and
Rome and the architectural designs of the Italian architect Andrea Palladio
? ROMANTICISM, (1800s-1810s)
Romanticism was a movement in which the artists of neoclassical period sought to break new ground in the expression of
emotion, both subtle and stormy.
It embraced a number of distinctive themes, such as a longing for history, supernatural elements, social injustices, and nature.
Landscape painting also became more popular due to the peoples’ romantic adoration of nature. Romanticism was a reaction to
the classical, contemplative nature of neoclassical pieces.
? Characteristics:
- shows the height of action
- emotional extremes
- celebrated nature as out of control
- dramatic compositions
- heightened sensation (life and death moments)

? Romantic Painting (Portraits/Figures)
The paintings of the Romantic period gave more emphasis on emotion.
Artists expressed as much feeling and passion as it could be on a canvas.
? Romantic Painting (Landscape Painting)
Landscape painting depicts the physical world that surrounds us and
includes features such as mountains, valleys, vegetation, and bodies of
water. The sky is another important element shaping the mood of landscape
paintings. Landscape art ranges from highly detailed and realistic to
impressionistic, romantic and idealized.
? Romantic Sculpture
Romantic sculpture can be divided into works that concern about the
human world and those that concern the natural world. The leading
sculptors of each type were Rude and Barye, respectively.

? Gothic Revival Architecture (Neogothic)
Gothic Revival also referred to as Victorian Gothic or Neo-Gothic, is an
architectural movement that began in the late 1740s in England. Many of
Neogothic buildings feature castellation in which the walls and towers are
crenellated in imitation of medieval castles. Indeed, heavily castellated
Neogothic buildings have been often referred to as “castles”, even though
they never served as a defensive structure. Among them was Strawberry Hill
(demolished and restored), the most famous work of the decorative phase of
the Gothic Revival.
Gothic Revival became widely used for churches and civic buildings
throughout the West, especially in Britain and the United States. Bricks and
stones were both commonly used.

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ART NEOCLASSICISM AND ROMANTISMISISM.pptx

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