Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Imaging techniques like mammography, ultrasound, and MRI play an important role in the diagnosis and screening of breast cancer. Mammography remains the primary screening method, but ultrasound and MRI provide additional information. Findings on imaging are categorized using the BI-RADS assessment system to indicate likelihood of malignancy and guide need for biopsy or additional follow-up.
The document discusses BI-RADS, a standardized system for breast imaging reporting and assessment. It provides standardized terminology (descriptors) for mammography, ultrasound, and MRI findings. All breast imaging reports should adhere closely to the BI-RADS lexicon and assessment categories to reduce confusion and facilitate outcome monitoring. The document also discusses different breast tissue compositions, common benign and suspicious findings on mammograms such as asymmetries and calcifications, and how these findings are classified and should be reported.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of malignant breast diseases.Abdellah Nazeer
Ìý
The document discusses various types of breast cancers and their radiological appearances. It begins by describing breast cancer in general, noting that it usually occurs in women and can begin in the ducts or lobules. It then summarizes the main types of breast cancers like ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, inflammatory breast carcinoma, and rare types like mucinous carcinoma and phyllodes tumor. For each type, it provides details on their clinical and radiological features like mammography and MRI appearances to aid in diagnosis.
The document provides information about various breast imaging techniques and biopsy procedures. It discusses the appearance of masses and lesions on mammography including characteristics like shape, margin, density, and enhancement patterns. It also describes different types of calcifications and their typical benign or suspicious morphologies. Additionally, the document outlines procedures for fine needle biopsy, core needle biopsy, and vacuum-assisted biopsy. Key details about each technique are given, such as how samples are obtained and analyzed to determine if a growth is benign or malignant.
Presentation1.pptx, radiological imaging of extra nodal lymphoma.Abdellah Nazeer
Ìý
This document discusses extranodal lymphoma, which refers to lymphomatous infiltration of sites other than lymph nodes. It provides examples of extranodal lymphoma in many organs and tissues throughout the body, as seen on various imaging modalities like CT, MRI, PET, and ultrasound. Extranodal lymphoma can mimic other diseases, so it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mass lesions and focal abnormalities. Biopsy is often needed for definitive diagnosis.
1) Mediastinal masses can occur in the three compartments of the mediastinum and are diverse in pathology. 2) CT is usually the initial imaging modality of choice to determine the location and characteristics of the mass. 3) Tissue biopsy is often required before treatment planning to determine the specific diagnosis, as the approach depends on factors such as location, imaging features, and patient age.
This document provides guidelines for the management of endometrial cancer from several European medical societies. It covers epidemiology, risk assessment, surgery, lymph node staging, adjuvant therapy, and management of early, advanced, and recurrent disease. Key points include recommending total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for staging without vaginal cuff resection for early-stage disease. It also supports consideration of sentinel lymph node biopsy for staging in select cases and ovarian preservation in certain low-risk premenopausal patients. Molecular testing is encouraged to further stratify prognosis, especially in high-grade tumors.
This document discusses using ultrasound guidance for breast procedures like cyst aspiration and biopsy. It describes how cyst aspiration is performed by inserting a needle under ultrasound guidance to drain fluid from cysts. It also outlines how to perform core biopsies on superficial and deep breast lesions using ultrasound to guide placement of the biopsy needle. Ultrasound is noted as an accurate and reliable method for guiding breast biopsies and cyst aspirations.
This document discusses various imaging modalities used for breast cancer screening and diagnosis, including mammography, ultrasound, MRI, CT, and PET scans. It provides details on mammography techniques for screening and diagnostic purposes. Key findings from studies on screening mammography for different age groups are summarized. Guidelines on screening from organizations like ACS, NCCN, and NCI are also outlined. The use of ultrasound and MRI as supplemental tools for diagnosis is discussed.
This document discusses the use of precision radiotherapy and systemic therapies in gynecological malignancies. It begins with an overview of endometrial cancer epidemiology, classification systems, molecular subtypes, and treatment guidelines. It then discusses risk stratification and adjuvant treatment indications for endometrial cancer. The document also reviews hormonal and cytotoxic chemotherapy options for recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancer. It concludes with sections on cervical cancer staging and treatment algorithms.
Soft tissue sarcomas account for less than 1% of malignant tumors but around 40% of patients die from the disease. While most soft tissue sarcomas have no clear cause, some risk factors include genetic predispositions, prior radiation therapy, and chemical exposure. A recent study found that over 50% of soft tissue sarcoma patients have a germline genetic variant contributing to tumor development. Diagnosis involves biopsy or imaging like CT or MRI. Treatment depends on location and grade, with surgery to remove the tumor with margins. High-risk cases may also receive radiation therapy or chemotherapy.
In this presentation, Dr. Deborah Schrag, Medical Oncologist from Dana Farber Cancer Institute covers therapy options, surgery options, and radiation options, that are specific to rectal cancer patients. She also touches on the importance of clinical trials for this population, and highlights a few trials in research that she finds most interesting.
More information related to our Webinar Series can be found at http://fightcolorectalcancer.org/about/webinars
Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that develops in the mesothelium, the protective lining that covers many of the internal organs. It is often associated with asbestos exposure. There are three main types of mesothelioma - epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic - with epithelioid having the best prognosis. Symptoms are often non-specific and the cancer is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and a new drug called Alimta which has been shown to increase survival time by about 30% with manageable side effects. The prognosis depends on the cancer type but outcomes are improving with new treatments.
Luc Rotenberg : US guided vacuum breast biopsy and minimal Invasive Intervent...breastcancerupdatecongress
Ìý
This document summarizes minimal invasive interventional procedures for breast lesions. It discusses ultrasound-guided breast biopsy procedures and whether they can provide minimal invasive diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant lesions. Various biopsy methods and devices are reviewed, including vacuum-assisted biopsy. Indications, risks, sample size, and follow up after biopsy are addressed. Underestimation rates of ductal carcinoma in situ and atypical lesions with biopsy are discussed. Radiological-pathological concordance and determining appropriate management of biopsy results is also covered. Radiofrequency ablation is presented as a potential minimal invasive treatment option.
Accelerated partial breast irradiation is an alternative to whole breast irradiation in carcinoma breast patients Post breast conserving surgery with equivalent outcome, less duration & less burden on the patient.
For more information, visit https://www.timberlandmedical.com
Timberland Medical Centre is a private hospital that has been in operation since 1994. We are strategically located at the 3rd Mile roundabout on Jalan Rock, Kuching, Sarawak, East Malaysia. Our hospital is 10 minutes from the Kuching International Airport and 15 minutes from the Central Bus Terminal. We continually seek to improve and upgrade our services and facilities, as we strive to provide the best medical care for our patients and customers.
This document summarizes information about small cell lung cancer (SCLC), including its incidence, risk factors, staging, prognosis, diagnostic workup, and treatment approaches. Some key points:
- SCLC accounts for 15-20% of lung cancer cases and has a median age of diagnosis of 64. Most patients are smokers.
- Limited stage SCLC is confined to one lung and nearby lymph nodes, while extensive stage has spread further. Median survival is 25 months for limited vs 9 months for extensive disease.
- Workup includes imaging, biopsy, and brain MRI due to the risk of brain metastases. PET-CT helps determine extent of disease.
- Historically, surgery and chemotherapy alone did
MANAGEMENT OF EARLY STAGE NON SMALL CELL LUNG CARCINOMAIsha Jaiswal
Ìý
1. The document discusses management guidelines for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including treatment options for operable versus inoperable patients such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
2. Key findings from studies on lymphadenectomy, sublobar resection versus lobectomy, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) versus open surgery are summarized, finding no clear survival benefits to more extensive procedures in early stage disease.
3. The roles of postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy are examined based on clinical trials, with chemoradiation found potentially beneficial in stage III disease but not stage I/II, and cisplatin-based chemotherapy improving survival in stage II/III
This document discusses ultrasound criteria for breast lesions. It describes breast anatomy and different types of breast lesions including cystic, mass, and mixed lesions. Examples of benign and malignant mass ultrasound criteria are provided such as shape, margin, texture, and vascularity. The document also discusses different breast conditions like cysts, fibroadenomas, ductal carcinoma and fibrocystic disease. It notes ultrasound is important for differentiating solid from cystic lesions and provides management diagrams. Risk factors for breast cancer are also summarized.
The document discusses updates in colorectal cancer screening, including different pathways and precursors of colorectal cancer, optimal terminology for classifying serrated lesions, variability in detection rates among endoscopists, importance of adequate bowel preparation and withdrawal technique, and technical solutions such as chromoendoscopy to help improve adenoma detection.
1. Cystic lesions are commonly seen in breast imaging and range from simple cysts to more complex cysts with solid components.
2. Simple cysts appear anechoic with thin walls and posterior enhancement, while complicated cysts have internal echoes and complex cysts have thick walls or solid components.
3. Differential diagnoses for cystic masses include galactoceles, hematomas, fat necrosis, abscesses, papillomas, and necrotic tumors. Careful evaluation of imaging features is needed to distinguish these entities.
1) A landmark randomized clinical trial published in 1999 found that concurrent weekly cisplatin chemotherapy during pelvic radiation improved progression-free survival and overall survival rates for patients with bulky stage IB cervical cancer compared to radiation alone. The study demonstrated a 79% 5-year progression-free survival rate and 85% 5-year overall survival rate for patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation versus 74% and 63% respectively for radiation alone.
2) Another 1999 randomized clinical trial found that for high-risk cervical cancer patients, pelvic radiation with concurrent cisplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy resulted in improved overall survival compared to pelvic and para-aortic radiation alone, establishing concurrent chemoradiation as the new standard
This document discusses colorectal polyps. It defines polyps and describes their types, including neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps. It discusses adenomatous polyps in depth, noting their malignant potential increases with size over 1cm and villous architecture. Radiological diagnostic methods for polyps including single and double contrast barium enema and CT colonography are explained. The document provides an overview of polyp pathogenesis and genetic syndromes like FAP that increase cancer risk.
1. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is classified into several histological subtypes including squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
2. Tobacco smoking is the largest risk factor for lung cancer, with the risk increasing based on duration of smoking and number of cigarettes smoked per day. Other risk factors include exposure to secondhand smoke, radiation, asbestos, arsenic and other chemicals.
3. The molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer development involve abnormalities in growth signaling pathways, evasion of apoptosis, epigenetic changes, and abnormalities in tumor suppressor gene pathways. Mutations in genes like p53 and KRAS contribute to
New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours Ameen Rageh
Ìý
RECIST provides standardized criteria for evaluating tumor response to treatment in clinical trials. It defines criteria for complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease based on tumor measurements. Tumors must be accurately measured at baseline using CT or MRI. Target lesions are up to 5 measurable lesions selected for their ability to be reproducibly measured. Non-target lesions including small lesions and lymph nodes are also recorded. Tumor measurements are compared between scans to determine the patient's response according to RECIST criteria. The appearance of new lesions indicates disease progression.
Radiology plays an important role in evaluating gastrointestinal lymphoma. Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma arises in the lymphatic tissue of the bowel rather than lymph nodes. Common sites of involvement include the stomach, small bowel, and colon. On imaging, gastrointestinal lymphoma can appear as thickened folds, masses, strictures, or diffuse bowel wall thickening. Staging involves assessing for involvement of lymph nodes, adjacent organs, or distant metastases. Radiology is useful for diagnosis, evaluating extent of disease, and monitoring treatment response in gastrointestinal lymphoma.
This document discusses using ultrasound guidance for breast procedures like cyst aspiration and biopsy. It describes how cyst aspiration is performed by inserting a needle under ultrasound guidance to drain fluid from cysts. It also outlines how to perform core biopsies on superficial and deep breast lesions using ultrasound to guide placement of the biopsy needle. Ultrasound is noted as an accurate and reliable method for guiding breast biopsies and cyst aspirations.
This document discusses various imaging modalities used for breast cancer screening and diagnosis, including mammography, ultrasound, MRI, CT, and PET scans. It provides details on mammography techniques for screening and diagnostic purposes. Key findings from studies on screening mammography for different age groups are summarized. Guidelines on screening from organizations like ACS, NCCN, and NCI are also outlined. The use of ultrasound and MRI as supplemental tools for diagnosis is discussed.
This document discusses the use of precision radiotherapy and systemic therapies in gynecological malignancies. It begins with an overview of endometrial cancer epidemiology, classification systems, molecular subtypes, and treatment guidelines. It then discusses risk stratification and adjuvant treatment indications for endometrial cancer. The document also reviews hormonal and cytotoxic chemotherapy options for recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancer. It concludes with sections on cervical cancer staging and treatment algorithms.
Soft tissue sarcomas account for less than 1% of malignant tumors but around 40% of patients die from the disease. While most soft tissue sarcomas have no clear cause, some risk factors include genetic predispositions, prior radiation therapy, and chemical exposure. A recent study found that over 50% of soft tissue sarcoma patients have a germline genetic variant contributing to tumor development. Diagnosis involves biopsy or imaging like CT or MRI. Treatment depends on location and grade, with surgery to remove the tumor with margins. High-risk cases may also receive radiation therapy or chemotherapy.
In this presentation, Dr. Deborah Schrag, Medical Oncologist from Dana Farber Cancer Institute covers therapy options, surgery options, and radiation options, that are specific to rectal cancer patients. She also touches on the importance of clinical trials for this population, and highlights a few trials in research that she finds most interesting.
More information related to our Webinar Series can be found at http://fightcolorectalcancer.org/about/webinars
Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that develops in the mesothelium, the protective lining that covers many of the internal organs. It is often associated with asbestos exposure. There are three main types of mesothelioma - epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic - with epithelioid having the best prognosis. Symptoms are often non-specific and the cancer is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, and a new drug called Alimta which has been shown to increase survival time by about 30% with manageable side effects. The prognosis depends on the cancer type but outcomes are improving with new treatments.
Luc Rotenberg : US guided vacuum breast biopsy and minimal Invasive Intervent...breastcancerupdatecongress
Ìý
This document summarizes minimal invasive interventional procedures for breast lesions. It discusses ultrasound-guided breast biopsy procedures and whether they can provide minimal invasive diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant lesions. Various biopsy methods and devices are reviewed, including vacuum-assisted biopsy. Indications, risks, sample size, and follow up after biopsy are addressed. Underestimation rates of ductal carcinoma in situ and atypical lesions with biopsy are discussed. Radiological-pathological concordance and determining appropriate management of biopsy results is also covered. Radiofrequency ablation is presented as a potential minimal invasive treatment option.
Accelerated partial breast irradiation is an alternative to whole breast irradiation in carcinoma breast patients Post breast conserving surgery with equivalent outcome, less duration & less burden on the patient.
For more information, visit https://www.timberlandmedical.com
Timberland Medical Centre is a private hospital that has been in operation since 1994. We are strategically located at the 3rd Mile roundabout on Jalan Rock, Kuching, Sarawak, East Malaysia. Our hospital is 10 minutes from the Kuching International Airport and 15 minutes from the Central Bus Terminal. We continually seek to improve and upgrade our services and facilities, as we strive to provide the best medical care for our patients and customers.
This document summarizes information about small cell lung cancer (SCLC), including its incidence, risk factors, staging, prognosis, diagnostic workup, and treatment approaches. Some key points:
- SCLC accounts for 15-20% of lung cancer cases and has a median age of diagnosis of 64. Most patients are smokers.
- Limited stage SCLC is confined to one lung and nearby lymph nodes, while extensive stage has spread further. Median survival is 25 months for limited vs 9 months for extensive disease.
- Workup includes imaging, biopsy, and brain MRI due to the risk of brain metastases. PET-CT helps determine extent of disease.
- Historically, surgery and chemotherapy alone did
MANAGEMENT OF EARLY STAGE NON SMALL CELL LUNG CARCINOMAIsha Jaiswal
Ìý
1. The document discusses management guidelines for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including treatment options for operable versus inoperable patients such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.
2. Key findings from studies on lymphadenectomy, sublobar resection versus lobectomy, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) versus open surgery are summarized, finding no clear survival benefits to more extensive procedures in early stage disease.
3. The roles of postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy are examined based on clinical trials, with chemoradiation found potentially beneficial in stage III disease but not stage I/II, and cisplatin-based chemotherapy improving survival in stage II/III
This document discusses ultrasound criteria for breast lesions. It describes breast anatomy and different types of breast lesions including cystic, mass, and mixed lesions. Examples of benign and malignant mass ultrasound criteria are provided such as shape, margin, texture, and vascularity. The document also discusses different breast conditions like cysts, fibroadenomas, ductal carcinoma and fibrocystic disease. It notes ultrasound is important for differentiating solid from cystic lesions and provides management diagrams. Risk factors for breast cancer are also summarized.
The document discusses updates in colorectal cancer screening, including different pathways and precursors of colorectal cancer, optimal terminology for classifying serrated lesions, variability in detection rates among endoscopists, importance of adequate bowel preparation and withdrawal technique, and technical solutions such as chromoendoscopy to help improve adenoma detection.
1. Cystic lesions are commonly seen in breast imaging and range from simple cysts to more complex cysts with solid components.
2. Simple cysts appear anechoic with thin walls and posterior enhancement, while complicated cysts have internal echoes and complex cysts have thick walls or solid components.
3. Differential diagnoses for cystic masses include galactoceles, hematomas, fat necrosis, abscesses, papillomas, and necrotic tumors. Careful evaluation of imaging features is needed to distinguish these entities.
1) A landmark randomized clinical trial published in 1999 found that concurrent weekly cisplatin chemotherapy during pelvic radiation improved progression-free survival and overall survival rates for patients with bulky stage IB cervical cancer compared to radiation alone. The study demonstrated a 79% 5-year progression-free survival rate and 85% 5-year overall survival rate for patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation versus 74% and 63% respectively for radiation alone.
2) Another 1999 randomized clinical trial found that for high-risk cervical cancer patients, pelvic radiation with concurrent cisplatin and fluorouracil chemotherapy resulted in improved overall survival compared to pelvic and para-aortic radiation alone, establishing concurrent chemoradiation as the new standard
This document discusses colorectal polyps. It defines polyps and describes their types, including neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps. It discusses adenomatous polyps in depth, noting their malignant potential increases with size over 1cm and villous architecture. Radiological diagnostic methods for polyps including single and double contrast barium enema and CT colonography are explained. The document provides an overview of polyp pathogenesis and genetic syndromes like FAP that increase cancer risk.
1. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and is classified into several histological subtypes including squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma.
2. Tobacco smoking is the largest risk factor for lung cancer, with the risk increasing based on duration of smoking and number of cigarettes smoked per day. Other risk factors include exposure to secondhand smoke, radiation, asbestos, arsenic and other chemicals.
3. The molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer development involve abnormalities in growth signaling pathways, evasion of apoptosis, epigenetic changes, and abnormalities in tumor suppressor gene pathways. Mutations in genes like p53 and KRAS contribute to
New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours Ameen Rageh
Ìý
RECIST provides standardized criteria for evaluating tumor response to treatment in clinical trials. It defines criteria for complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease based on tumor measurements. Tumors must be accurately measured at baseline using CT or MRI. Target lesions are up to 5 measurable lesions selected for their ability to be reproducibly measured. Non-target lesions including small lesions and lymph nodes are also recorded. Tumor measurements are compared between scans to determine the patient's response according to RECIST criteria. The appearance of new lesions indicates disease progression.
Radiology plays an important role in evaluating gastrointestinal lymphoma. Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma arises in the lymphatic tissue of the bowel rather than lymph nodes. Common sites of involvement include the stomach, small bowel, and colon. On imaging, gastrointestinal lymphoma can appear as thickened folds, masses, strictures, or diffuse bowel wall thickening. Staging involves assessing for involvement of lymph nodes, adjacent organs, or distant metastases. Radiology is useful for diagnosis, evaluating extent of disease, and monitoring treatment response in gastrointestinal lymphoma.
Türk jinekoloji ve Obstetri Derneği Antalya şubesi ilk bilimsel toplantısını, 22 Ocak 2015 tarihinde Porto Bello Hotel'de yaptı. Toplantıya, çoğunluğunu Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Uzmanları'nın oluşturduğu yaklaşık 100 Uzman hekim katıldı. Bende konuşmacı olarak davetli olduğum bu toplantıda "Meme Kanseri ve Fertilite Prezervasyonu" başlıklı bir konuşma yaptım.
18. Parça Radyografisi
 İşaretleme sonrası yapılan eksizyonlardan
sonra mutlaka çekilmeli
 Kalsifikasyonların ve ele gelmeyen kitlelerin
çıkarıldığının gösterilmesinde değerli.
 Parenkimal distorsiyonların ve asimetrik
dansitelerin spesimende algılanması zor
olabilir.
 US eşliğinde yapılan işaretlemelerden sonra da
parçaya US yapılabilir.
21. RT Öncesi Mamografi
 Kalsifikasyon içeren tümörü olan hastalarda
veya kalsifikasyon olup olmadığı bilinmeyen
hastalarda RT öncesi yapılmalı.
 Cerrahiden ort. 4 hafta sonra yapılabilir.
 Rezidü mikrokalsifikasyon varsa yeniden
eksizyon gerekir. Bunların %69’unda fazlasında
rezidü tümör olabilir.
 Cerrahi sınırlarda tümör varsa MRG ile rezidü
deÄŸerlendirilebilir.
29. MKT Sonrası Yılda 2 kez MM
Yararlı mı?
 UCSF de 1998- 2007 ²âı±ôlarında
 Yılda 2 kez mamografiye (3- 9 ay) gelen
hastalarla ²âı±ôda 1 (9- 18 ay) gelen hastalarda
rekürrens karşılaştırılmış.
 5 ²âı±ôda semptomsuz 2329 hastada 109
rekürrens saptanmış: %4.7
 Yılda 2 mamografi yapılan hastalarda
rekürrensler daha erken dönemde yakalanmış
Radiology 2012; 264:371–377
30. Yılda 2 MM Yılda 1 MM
evre I %90, %69
Boyut 11.7 mm 15.3 mm P = .15
Lenf nodu (-) %98 %91 P = .28
Evre I vs evre II, P = .04
Evre 0+ evre I vs evre II, P = .03
Radiology 2012; 264:371–377
31. MKT izleminde MRG
 Rutin önerilmiyor.
 MM ve US ile karar verilemeyen olgularda
 BRCA1/2 mutasyonu taşıyıcıları gibi
bilateral kanser riski olanlarda
yapılabilir.
32. PET- BT
 PET- BT, rekürrens şüphesi olanlarda
(klinik, tümör belirteçleri, radyolojik bulgu
ile ) veya rekürrens saptananlarda
yeniden evrelemede konvansiyonel
görüntülemeden daha üstün.
Radiology 2013; 266:388–405
53. Meme MRG endikasyonları
 Meme kanseri evrelendirmesi: Meme koruyucu cerrahi
planlanan ve memesi dens olanlarda ek odakların
tespit edilmesi
 Tedavi sonrası izlem: Meme koruyucu tedaviden sonra
mamografi- US’nin yetersiz kaldığı olgularda
 Primer tümörün araştırılması: Metastatik aksiller
lenfadenopatisi olanlarda, mamografi- US normal
olduğunda primer odağı araştırılması
• Paget hastalığında
 Lokal ileri meme CA’da tedaviye yanıtın izleminde
54. Meme MRG endikasyonları
 Tarama: Dens memesi olan yüksek riskli
olgularda mamografiye ek olarak
 Problem çözücü olarak : Mamografi ve US’den
sonra
 Meme protezlerinin değerlendirilmesi