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GENDER ISSUES
By
D. Kangachepe

Objectives
• Describe terms related to gender
• Outline the gender roles
• Describe gender equity and gender equality
• Explain the effects of gender on health

Definition of terms
• Sex- refers to biologically determined
differences between males and females
• These differences are universal, obvious, few
permanent and cannot be changed

Cont..
• Gender
• Gender is defined as the socially constructed
roles, relationships, responsibilities, status and
privileges assigned to women, men, boys and
girls in given culture or location
• This is learned through the process of
socialization
• Gender relations are dynamic and vary from
culture to culture

Differences between sex and gender
SEX GENDER
Biological cultural
Given by birth Learned through
socialization
universal Varies from culture to
culture
permanent Can be changed
E.G. men impregnate,
women bear babies
E.G. women employed as
soldiers

Cont..
• Sex roles
• These are biologically determined roles that
are based on sex
• They are inborn, specific to males and females
e.g. men’s role of impregnating and women’s
role of bearing babies
• Sex roles are universal are generally
permanent

Gender roles
• These are culturally defined roles and
responsibilities to which men and women are
socialized to conform to
• They are dynamic and not static, vary from
culture to culture or location to location e.g.
males trained as midwives
• Affected by age, class, religion

Gender equality
• Gender equality means having the same
status, rights and responsibilities for women
and men
• It is based on the idea that no individual
should be less privileged in opportunities or in
human rights

Gender Equity
• Gender equity means fair distribution of
benefits and resources
• The stage in the process of achieving gender
equality

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GENDER ISSUES IN MEDICINE AND NURSING.pptx

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