Incidence of and risk factors for clinical fractures in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and matched controls: a population-based study in the United Kingdom door Mw. Dr. I.E.M. Bultink, reumatoloog, VUMC
IWO Meeting 1 November 2023油- Stopping with Denosumab and Romosozumab, basic mechanisms and clinical aspects door Prof. dr.油S. Ferrari, Geneva, Switzerland. (Engelstalige lezing)
1) DXA scanning is a reliable and low-radiation method to measure bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, hip, and wrist to diagnose osteoporosis.
2) DXA can also detect vertebral fractures (VFA) and measure whole body composition, abdominal fat, and aortic calcification.
3) Interpretation of DXA results requires attention to potential variability between devices, accurate placement of regions of interest, and use of appropriate reference data since BMD can be under or overestimated in certain patients.
Incidence of and risk factors for clinical fractures in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and matched controls: a population-based study in the United Kingdom door Mw. Dr. I.E.M. Bultink, reumatoloog, VUMC
IWO Meeting 1 November 2023油- Stopping with Denosumab and Romosozumab, basic mechanisms and clinical aspects door Prof. dr.油S. Ferrari, Geneva, Switzerland. (Engelstalige lezing)
1) DXA scanning is a reliable and low-radiation method to measure bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, hip, and wrist to diagnose osteoporosis.
2) DXA can also detect vertebral fractures (VFA) and measure whole body composition, abdominal fat, and aortic calcification.
3) Interpretation of DXA results requires attention to potential variability between devices, accurate placement of regions of interest, and use of appropriate reference data since BMD can be under or overestimated in certain patients.
This document summarizes osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) associated with antiresorptive agents. It defines ONJ and stages its severity. It discusses the pathogenesis of ONJ and risk factors like underlying disease, treatment duration, and dental procedures. Cancer patients on intravenous bisphosphonates have the highest ONJ risk of 1-8% due to higher drug doses and worse oral/general health. Management involves conservative measures like mouthwashes for early stages and surgery with antibiotics for later stages. Discontinuing antiresorptives may help healing but risks fractures. Teriparatide may help healing in some cases but its use in cancer is uncertain. More research is needed on preventing and treating established ON
This systematic review analyzed 895 cases of tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) from case reports. TIO is caused by tumors that produce excess fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which causes hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia. The review found that TIO mostly affects adults aged 40-60 years old, with long diagnostic delays of several years on average. The tumors were located variably but most commonly in the lower limbs or head and neck region. Higher FGF23 levels correlated with larger tumor size. Patients experienced significant bone fragility and fracture rates as high as 60% due to long-term hypophosphatemia. Early tumor detection and removal are important to improve outcomes for
This document discusses real-world evidence on denosumab for osteoporosis treatment and fracture prevention. It summarizes several studies, including one that found denosumab reduced fracture risk by 38% compared to placebo in over 25,000 postmenopausal women. Another study showed good long-term persistence with denosumab therapy in over 800 patients. Additional studies observed that zoledronic acid can prevent bone loss following denosumab discontinuation, and bisphosphonate treatment after denosumab provides protection against new vertebral fractures.
IWO Meeting 16 November 2022 - ASBMR young talent: Silvia Storoni (Amsterdam): Prevalence and Hospital Admissions in Patients With Osteogenesis Imperfecta in The Netherlands: A Nationwide Registry Study
The document appears to be a presentation on highlights from the ASBMR 2021 conference in San Diego. It discusses several topics that were covered at the conference, including fracture risk assessment, the effects of various osteoporosis treatments on bone mineral density, safety issues like osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femoral fractures, the role of vitamin D, and applications of artificial intelligence. The entire document is copyrighted by Prof. Dr. Joop van den Bergh.
This document discusses guidelines for medication to prevent fractures in patients using glucocorticoids. It notes that glucocorticoids significantly increase the risk of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures. While effective anti-osteoporosis drugs are available, many glucocorticoid-treated patients remain untreated. The document reviews new guidelines that simplify treatment criteria to improve implementation and outlines recommendations for when to start bone-sparing medications based on patient factors and glucocorticoid dose and duration. The goal is to optimize fracture prevention in glucocorticoid-treated patients.
This document discusses what actions should be taken when a vertebral fracture is discovered incidentally. It notes that vertebral fractures are very common fractures, especially in older individuals, and are often asymptomatic. Having a vertebral fracture significantly increases one's risk for future fractures both in the short and long term. If a vertebral fracture is found incidentally, such as on a CT scan, further investigation is warranted including assessing bone mineral density and checking for underlying bone diseases. Treatment options should also be considered, especially if the individual has low bone density in addition to the vertebral fracture, as this combination confers the highest risk. New automated detection algorithms aim to help identify vertebral fractures on scans to ensure appropriate follow up for individuals.
This document summarizes a cost-effectiveness model of Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) care in the Netherlands. The model found that FLS care would be highly cost-effective, with a cost of 9,076 per quality-adjusted life year gained. Total 5-year costs with FLS would be only 1.7% higher than current costs but would prevent fractures and improve health outcomes. The model can help decision-makers prioritize secondary fracture prevention and allow local payers and FLS to predict costs and benefits of implementation.
2. Vraag
≒ Is het 端berhaupt nog wel zinvol om een
anti-osteoporose medicament voor te
schrijven aan een 80-plusser (die frequent
valt)?
≒ Weegt het vallen niet zwaarder dan het
versterken van het bot met medicatie?
3. Can fall risk be incorporated into fracture risk assessment
algorithms: a study of responsiveness to clodronate?
Kayan E., McCloskey K. et al. Osteoporos Int. 2009
- The debate about the efficacy of skeletal therapies on fracture risk in
women at increased risk of falling continues
- We determined whether fall risk impeded the efficacy of clodronate to
reduce osteoporotic fracture incidence
- Methods: a post-hoc analysis of a 3-year placebo-controlled study of
clodronate involving 5.212 women aged > 75. At entry, self-reported
multiple falls in the previous month were documented
- Results: clodronate reduced osteoporotic fracture incidence by 24% (HR)
0.76, 95% CI 0.630.93). The efficacy was similar in women with recent
multiple falls compared to those without (HR 0.61 vs. 0.77): next slide
- Conclusion: fall risk does not significantly impact on the anti-fracture
efficacy of clodronate. If confirmed with other agents, fall risk may be
incorporated into risk assessment tools designed to target skeletal therapies
4. Impact clodronate on incidence of fractures in women with(out) a recent history of multiple
falls or impaired mobility. Horzontal line is overall efficacy for clodonate on fractures
5. ≒ Wat is het risico op een nieuwe fractuur op
SEH binnen 2 jaar na een eerste klinische
fractuur voor een 80-jarige?
≒ Hoe vaak zijn daarbij ook multipele
valrisicofactoren aanwezig?
6. Risico op nieuwe fractuur op SEH binnen 2 jaar na eerste fractuur
Bij 15% geen valrisicofactoren aanwezig, 1 valrisicofactor bij 27%,
2 of meer valrisicofactoren bij 58%
Van Helden S, Geusens P. Osteoporosis Int. 2006; 17: 348-354
8. Casus
油
≒ Een 66-jarige vrouw komt op uw spreekuur met lage
rugpijnklachten (acuut begonnen). Bij nader onderzoek wordt
een fractuur van L1 (op X-LWK) gevonden. Er is geen
valincident aan voorafgegaan
≒ Bij navraag wel 3x gevallen in afgelopen 12 maanden en een
polsfractuur op 54-jarige leeftijd
≒ Er wordt ook een DEXA aangevraagd: FN T-score: -3.3
12. Tot op welke leeftijd zijn de verschillende
anti-osteoporose medicamenten
onderzocht m.b.t. fractuurreductie?
13. Literatuuroverzicht heupfractuurreductie
Studies: prospectief, gerandomiseerd, dubbelblind, fractuur eindpunt
(na = niet aangetoond)
BOTAFBRAAK REMMERS Leeftijd Aantal pati谷nten RR over 1-3j
Alendronaat
FIT 1 55-81 2027 51%
FIT2 54-81 4432 56% (4j)
Raloxifen
MORE 31-80 7705 na
Ibandronaat
BONE 55-80 2946 na
Risedronaat
HIP 70-79 5445 40%
80-85 3886 NS
Zoledronaat
HORIZON 65-89 3886 41%
Denosumab (Freedom)
60-90 7868 40%
ANABOLICA
Fracture Prevention Trial (PTH1-34) 55-80 1637 na
TOP trial (PTH 1-84) 45-94 2532 na
DUBBELE WERKING
Strontiumranelaat
TROPOS 74-100 1977 36%*
*posthoc
14. Hip Intervention Program
Primair eindpunt: heupfractuurincidentie
McClung, Geusens Piet et al, NEJM 2001
l 9497 postmenopauzale vrouwen; placebo of risedronaat (2.5 mg/
dag, 5 mg/dag) voor 3 jaar; bij inclusie 2 groepen: lage BMD
(groep 1) of valrisicofactoren (groep 2)
l 1000 mg Ca en tot 500 IE vit. D/ dag indien 25(OH)D3 < 40 nmol/l
Groep 1 Groep 2
Lage Botmassa Klinische Risicofactoren
70-79 jaar oud > 80 jaar oud
Femurhals T-Score < - 4 geen BMD vereiste
of en > 1 Risicofactoren
Femurhals T-Score < - 3 of
plus >1 Risicofactoren Femurhals T-Score < - 4
15. Heupfractuurreductie in hele studiepopulatie
(Groep 1 en 2)
Controle Risedronaat 5 mg
5
4
30%
pati谷nten (% )
p=0,02
3
2
1
0
0 6 12 18 24 30 36
Maanden
232 pati谷nten met een heupfractuur
17. Risedronaat en heupfractuurincidentie bij vrouwen (80+) met
alleen valrisicofactoren
6
Patients with Hip Fracture (%)
5 -8%
Control NS
4
3
2
Risedronate
1
0
0 12 24 36
Month
131
油pa9谷nten
油met
油heupfractuur
油
McClung
油M,
油Geusens
油P.
油et
油al,
油NEJM,
油2001,
油333
油
18. Heupfractuurreductie in groep boven de 80 jaar (groep 2)
(voornamelijk geincludeerd o.b.v. valrisicofactoren; slechts 16% o.b.v. lage BMD)
Control RIS
12 25%
CI=(-31,57%)
10
p=0.14
8%
% incidence
8 CI=(-35,36%)
8%
6
p=ns CI=(-80,35%)
p=0.75
4
43/1313 78/2573 21/316 31/625 22/997 47/1948
2
0
Group 2 Low BMD Risk Factors
19. Klinische risicofactoren: voornamelijk
valgerelateerd bij inclusie (Groep 2)
Het hebben van minimaal 1 risicofactor was genoeg voor inclusie in de studie!
Klinische risicofactoren: 84%
moeilijkheden met staan
l 34%
onzekere
l gang 31%
trauma
l na val in de afgelopen 12 maanden 22%
heupfractuur
l moeder 13%
eerder
l doorgemaakte heupfractuur 11%
lroken 27%
Femurhals BMD < - 4: 16%
20. Limitations HIP-study
≒ The individual risk factors were not
recorded in sufficient detail
≒ Loss to follow-up was quite substantial
(complete data only available in 58% of
the participants)
≒ Those lost to follow-up had a higher
prevalence of risk factors for fracture incl.
being older, lighter and smoking more
21. Fracture reduction by risedronate in elderly > 80 years
Boonen
油S
油et
油al,
油JAGS,
油2004
油
≒ Risk for vertebral fractures:
After 1 yr: -81%*
*p<0.01
油
After 3 yr: -44%*
≒ Risk for non-vertebral fractures:
- < 80 years: -21%*
*p<0.01
油
- > 80 years: -14%
Pooled analysis of data from 3RCTs: Hip Intervention Program (HIP), Vertebral Efficacy with Risedronate
Therapy-Multinational (VERT-MN), and VERT-North America (NA): Placebo (n=688) or risedronate 5 mg/d
(n=704) for up to 3 years
22. Geen reductie non-vertebrale
fracturen met risedronaat
- It is possible that the reduced effect of treatment on non-vertebral fractures in
pat > 80 may reflect the increasing influence of nonskeletal risk factors for
these types of fractures, such as falling, with increasing age
- In the current study, the frequency of comorbidities, including conditions
likely to increase patients' risk of falling, was significantly higher in pat > 80
- Although falls in this age group were not assessed, it is likely that pat > 80
were at greater risk of falling because of their higher prevalence of
comorbidities
- It is also possible that this increase in fall risk may have offset the benefit of
antiresorptive intervention on skeletal strength
- Inadequate statistical power is likely to have contributed to the failure to
demonstrate a significant effect. Under the assumption that the treatment effect
in women > 80 would be similar to that in women younger than 80 (a 21%
reduction in nonvertebral fracture risk), this trial had only 30% power to show
an effect in these oldest patients
25. Strontiumranelaat en heupfractuurrisico bij pati谷nten
(> 74 jaar en T-score < -3; n=1977, 40% TROPOS)
Patients (%) N = 1977
12
10
placebo
8 RR: - 36%
6
*
4
Strontium
ranelaat
2
0 Months
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42
ITT, over 3 jaar: RR = 0.64 95% CI [0.412;0.997] * P= 0.046
Kaplan-Meier, Cox Model Rizzoli R. et al, Osteoporosis Int 2004; 15 (Suppl. 1):OC39
26. Niet-足wervel
油fractuureduc0e
油bij
油pa0谷nten
油
油
tussen
油80
油en
油100
油jaar
油oud
油
(n=1488,
油SOTI
油en
油TROPOS
油gepooled)
Ten gunste van strontiumranelaat
RR Na 1 jaar NNT=36
- 41% Alle niet-wervel fracturen P=0.027
Na 3 jaar NNT=18
- 31% Alle niet-wervel fracturen P=0.011
Na 5 jaar NNT=25
- 26% Alle niet-wervel fracturen P=0.019
0 0.5 1 1.5
t.o.v. placebo Seeman E et al. Osteoporos Int. 2006;18:1-13 (OC39).
28. Reduction of hip fracture risk is age-dependent
The FREEDOM Trial post-hoc analyses by age
In the FREEDOM study the risk of vertebral fracture was reduced in the overall study population by 68%
(p<0.001) and the risk of hip fracture reduced by 40% (p =0.04)
General Incidence Vertebral fracture Hip fracture Placebo Denosumab
Vertebral Fractures Hip Fractures
400
General population Incidence
per 10,000 women per year
300
200
100
0
Adapted from Rizzoli R. et al. Osteoporosis Intl Supl 2010 abstract P841; Adapted from Sambrook P & Cooper C. Lancet 2006;367:2010-2018
Boonen S et al J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Jun;96(6):1727-36
29. Incidentie tweede heupfractuur?
De cumulatieve incidentie van een
tweede heupfractuur is:
5% in het eerste jaar na de eerste
heupfractuur
8% in het tweede jaar na de eerste
heupfractuur
Lonnroos et al. Osteoporos Int 2007
30. Afname mortaliteit met zoledronaat
na heupfractuur (Lyles et al., N Engl J Med 2007;357)
31. Conclusies over effectiviteit bij ouderen
≒ Risedronaat geen duidelijk effect op heupfracturen en non-
vertebrale fracturen boven de 80 jaar aangetoond
≒ Alendronaat heeft een effect op fractuurreductie (non)-vert./
heup) aangetoond tot 85 jaar
≒ Zoledronaat heeft een effect op fractuurreductie (non)vert./
heup) aangetoond tot 94 jaar
≒ Denosumab heeft alleen een effect op heupfractuurreductie
boven de 75 jaar (niet bij <75 jaar). Tot 90 jaar effectief mbt
(non)vertebrale #
≒ Strontiumranelaat heeft bij 74-plussers met een BMD < -3
heupfractuurreductie aangetoond, en van (non)-vertebrale #
tot 100 jaar
≒ Fractuurreductie-effecten anti-osteoporose middelen lijken niet
negatief te worden be誰nvloed door frequente valincidenten en
kunnen dus ook bij die groep worden ingezet