Reference words are used to avoid repeating words and refer back to people, objects, or ideas mentioned earlier or refer forward to those mentioned later. Common reference words include it/they/them, this/that/these/those, the former/the latter, who/which/that, one/ones, and such. These reference words help writers streamline their writing and prevent redundancy.
T辰ss辰 esityksess辰 kerrataan ruotsin kielen p辰辰lauseen suora ja k辰辰nteinen sanaj辰rjestys. Esitys on tehty osaksi lukion verkko-opetusta ja tarinana etenev辰辰 ruotsin kielen tukikurssia Diakonia-ammattikorkeakoulussa vuonna 2014. Esitykseen liittyy my旦s videotallenne, jonka avulla voi helpommin itsen辰isesti kerrata power pointin asioita.
The document discusses the simple future tense and be going to future in English. It provides examples of how to form sentences using will for spontaneous or predicted future actions, and be going to for planned future intentions. Patterns given include subject + will + verb and subject + be + going + to + verb. Examples are provided such as "I will open the door" and "You are going to meet Jane tonight". Time expressions that can be used with simple future are also listed from tomorrow to three days later.
This document discusses the present indefinite tense in English grammar. The present indefinite tense is used for actions or events that occur in the present or current time, but continue for an indefinite or unknown period of time. It provides examples of using the first form of verbs with pronouns like he, she, it, I, we, you, they and adding -s or -es to verbs used with he, she, it and nouns.
This document discusses time clauses and conditionals. It defines time clauses as adverb clauses beginning with time words that describe when something occurs. It also explains the first conditional, which uses "if" with the present tense to describe possible real events, and the second conditional, which uses "if" with the past tense to describe hypothetical or imaginary events. Examples are provided for both types of conditionals. The document concludes with a brief grammar review of these structures.
This document discusses the present perfect tense in English. It provides examples of sentences in the present perfect tense and explains its structure. Specifically, it uses the formula Subject + have/has + past participle. It also discusses the use of already, just and yet with the present perfect tense to indicate the timing of actions.
This document provides instruction on using the past simple tense in English. It discusses regular and irregular verbs in the past tense. Examples are given of asking questions and making negatives using auxiliary verbs like "did" and "was/were". Common questions are modeled like "What did you do yesterday?" Practice questions are also provided for students to form their own questions in the past simple tense.
Scrum and Kanban are both agile project management methodologies. Scrum uses fixed length sprints to complete work in iterations, while Kanban uses a continuous flow approach. Some key differences are that Scrum requires timeboxing, estimation, and specific roles while Kanban is more flexible and focuses on limiting work in progress. Both aim to deliver work continuously and accommodate changes, with Scrum better for new products and Kanban for repetitive tasks. Metrics also differ, with Scrum using velocity and Kanban using lead time to measure delivery.
The document explains the structure and usage of the present perfect continuous tense, detailing its formation with examples. It highlights two primary uses: actions that have recently stopped and actions that continue to the present, often including the terms 'for' and 'since.' Additionally, the document provides practice exercises to reinforce understanding of the tense.
I tempi verbali della grammatica inglese2aafmoriani
油
Il documento descrive i principali tempi verbali della grammatica inglese, tra cui il present simple, present continuous, simple past, present perfect, present perfect continuous e il futuro, spiegandone l'uso, la formazione e le differenze. Viene fornita un'analisi delle espressioni temporali e delle costruzioni specifiche per ciascun tempo, nonch辿 le diverse sfumature di obbligo con 'must' e 'have to'. Infine, il documento menziona le condizioni e i modelli per esprimere probabilit e capacit.
The document details the formation and usage of various past tenses in English, including the simple past, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous. It provides rules for verb conjugation, examples of each tense, and specific time expressions associated with their use. The document is a grammar resource aimed at helping learners understand the nuances of past tense usage.
The document discusses the simple future tense in English. It explains that there are two forms: "will" and "be going to." While sometimes interchangeable, they often express different meanings. "Will" is used to express voluntary actions, promises, and predictions. "Be going to" expresses plans and can also be used for predictions. The simple future tense follows a subject + auxiliary verb + main verb structure. Examples are provided to illustrate the different uses and forms of the simple future tense.
This document contains a summary of a child's visit to the zoo, highlighting facts in yellow and opinions in blue. The summary includes observations about elephants, monkeys, birds like bald eagles and hummingbirds, and different species of bears such as pandas and polar bears. The document concludes with statements about reptiles like Komodo dragons and snakes, and expresses the opinion that the zoo was a fun experience.
The document contrasts long actions (actions that take time or are ongoing) and short actions (instantaneous or brief actions) in English. It then discusses the use of "when" with short past actions and "while" with long past continuous actions. Some examples are provided to illustrate how to use "when" and "while" in sentences, including with both simple past and past continuous verb tenses.
This document provides definitions and examples of common idioms related to work and jobs:
- "Beaver away at something" means to work hard for a long time.
- "Keep one's mind on the job" means to give all one's attention to the task at hand.
- "To mean business" means to be very serious about something.
- "Make ends meet" refers to earning and spending equal amounts of money, usually just enough for basic living expenses.
T辰ss辰 esityksess辰 kerrataan ruotsin kielen adjektiivit. Esitys on tehty osaksi lukion verkko-opetusta ja tarinana etenev辰辰 ruotsin kielen tukikurssia Diakonia-ammattikorkeakoulussa vuonna 2014. Esitykseen liittyy my旦s varsinaisella kurssilla videotallenne, jonka avulla voi helpommin itsen辰isesti kerrata power pointin asioita.
This document provides information about writing dates in the British and American formats, including the days of the week, months of the year, and seasons. It explains that in the British format, the date is written with the day of the week followed by the day number in ordinal form, the month, and then the full four-digit year. In the American format, the date is written with the day of the week followed by the month, the day number in ordinal form, and then the full four-digit year. The document also gives some practice examples of writing dates in both formats.
The document discusses the subjunctive mood in English grammar. It describes the two forms of the subjunctive as synthetic and analytic. The synthetic subjunctive has present and past tense forms, while the analytic subjunctive uses modal verbs like shall, should, would, may, might, and could followed by an infinitive. It provides examples of how the different forms of the subjunctive are used in various clause types like conditional clauses, subject clauses, and purpose clauses.
The document discusses various grammatical concepts including phrases, clauses, and sentence structure. It defines phrases as groups of words without a subject and verb, and identifies 8 types of phrases including noun, verb, adjective, and prepositional phrases. Clauses are defined as having a subject and verb and can be independent or dependent. Sentences are composed of clauses and their structure involves subjects, verbs, and 6 patterns including noun-verb and noun-verb-noun patterns. The document also contrasts simple versus complex sentences.
The document discusses the difference between the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses. The present perfect is used to talk about completed actions or events that have a connection to the present. The present perfect continuous focuses on unfinished or ongoing actions and events and how long they have been occurring. Some verbs like "live", "work", and "study" can be used with both tenses without a difference in meaning. The present perfect is used with time expressions like "for", "since", "already", and "yet". The present perfect continuous is used with expressions like "for", "since", "how long", "lately", and "recently".
This document provides guidance on writing informal emails and letters. It recommends using openings like "Hi" or the recipient's name to start, and suggests using exclamation points sparingly to show strong feelings. Contractions are normally used in emails to friends, but not in formal emails. When starting an email with "Hi" followed by a name, a comma comes after the name, not "Hi". Paragraphs require a single space, not a double space. The document also provides examples of common phrases for different parts of emails, such as starting, providing good or bad news, moving the topic, making requests, and ending the email.
Opintojakso lukion 1.vuosikurssin oppilailleaiski92
油
Opintojakso lukion 1.vuosikurssin oppilaille, jonka p辰辰teemoima ovat matkustaminen ja kielioppiasiana konditionaali. Opintojaksomme koostuu kahdesta 75 minuutin oppitunnista, jotka sis辰lt辰v辰t monipuolisesti erilaisten sovellusten k辰ytt旦辰, kuten Pinterest, Popplet, Muppet Show ja Socrative.
This document discusses time clauses and conditionals. It defines time clauses as adverb clauses beginning with time words that describe when something occurs. It also explains the first conditional, which uses "if" with the present tense to describe possible real events, and the second conditional, which uses "if" with the past tense to describe hypothetical or imaginary events. Examples are provided for both types of conditionals. The document concludes with a brief grammar review of these structures.
This document discusses the present perfect tense in English. It provides examples of sentences in the present perfect tense and explains its structure. Specifically, it uses the formula Subject + have/has + past participle. It also discusses the use of already, just and yet with the present perfect tense to indicate the timing of actions.
This document provides instruction on using the past simple tense in English. It discusses regular and irregular verbs in the past tense. Examples are given of asking questions and making negatives using auxiliary verbs like "did" and "was/were". Common questions are modeled like "What did you do yesterday?" Practice questions are also provided for students to form their own questions in the past simple tense.
Scrum and Kanban are both agile project management methodologies. Scrum uses fixed length sprints to complete work in iterations, while Kanban uses a continuous flow approach. Some key differences are that Scrum requires timeboxing, estimation, and specific roles while Kanban is more flexible and focuses on limiting work in progress. Both aim to deliver work continuously and accommodate changes, with Scrum better for new products and Kanban for repetitive tasks. Metrics also differ, with Scrum using velocity and Kanban using lead time to measure delivery.
The document explains the structure and usage of the present perfect continuous tense, detailing its formation with examples. It highlights two primary uses: actions that have recently stopped and actions that continue to the present, often including the terms 'for' and 'since.' Additionally, the document provides practice exercises to reinforce understanding of the tense.
I tempi verbali della grammatica inglese2aafmoriani
油
Il documento descrive i principali tempi verbali della grammatica inglese, tra cui il present simple, present continuous, simple past, present perfect, present perfect continuous e il futuro, spiegandone l'uso, la formazione e le differenze. Viene fornita un'analisi delle espressioni temporali e delle costruzioni specifiche per ciascun tempo, nonch辿 le diverse sfumature di obbligo con 'must' e 'have to'. Infine, il documento menziona le condizioni e i modelli per esprimere probabilit e capacit.
The document details the formation and usage of various past tenses in English, including the simple past, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous. It provides rules for verb conjugation, examples of each tense, and specific time expressions associated with their use. The document is a grammar resource aimed at helping learners understand the nuances of past tense usage.
The document discusses the simple future tense in English. It explains that there are two forms: "will" and "be going to." While sometimes interchangeable, they often express different meanings. "Will" is used to express voluntary actions, promises, and predictions. "Be going to" expresses plans and can also be used for predictions. The simple future tense follows a subject + auxiliary verb + main verb structure. Examples are provided to illustrate the different uses and forms of the simple future tense.
This document contains a summary of a child's visit to the zoo, highlighting facts in yellow and opinions in blue. The summary includes observations about elephants, monkeys, birds like bald eagles and hummingbirds, and different species of bears such as pandas and polar bears. The document concludes with statements about reptiles like Komodo dragons and snakes, and expresses the opinion that the zoo was a fun experience.
The document contrasts long actions (actions that take time or are ongoing) and short actions (instantaneous or brief actions) in English. It then discusses the use of "when" with short past actions and "while" with long past continuous actions. Some examples are provided to illustrate how to use "when" and "while" in sentences, including with both simple past and past continuous verb tenses.
This document provides definitions and examples of common idioms related to work and jobs:
- "Beaver away at something" means to work hard for a long time.
- "Keep one's mind on the job" means to give all one's attention to the task at hand.
- "To mean business" means to be very serious about something.
- "Make ends meet" refers to earning and spending equal amounts of money, usually just enough for basic living expenses.
T辰ss辰 esityksess辰 kerrataan ruotsin kielen adjektiivit. Esitys on tehty osaksi lukion verkko-opetusta ja tarinana etenev辰辰 ruotsin kielen tukikurssia Diakonia-ammattikorkeakoulussa vuonna 2014. Esitykseen liittyy my旦s varsinaisella kurssilla videotallenne, jonka avulla voi helpommin itsen辰isesti kerrata power pointin asioita.
This document provides information about writing dates in the British and American formats, including the days of the week, months of the year, and seasons. It explains that in the British format, the date is written with the day of the week followed by the day number in ordinal form, the month, and then the full four-digit year. In the American format, the date is written with the day of the week followed by the month, the day number in ordinal form, and then the full four-digit year. The document also gives some practice examples of writing dates in both formats.
The document discusses the subjunctive mood in English grammar. It describes the two forms of the subjunctive as synthetic and analytic. The synthetic subjunctive has present and past tense forms, while the analytic subjunctive uses modal verbs like shall, should, would, may, might, and could followed by an infinitive. It provides examples of how the different forms of the subjunctive are used in various clause types like conditional clauses, subject clauses, and purpose clauses.
The document discusses various grammatical concepts including phrases, clauses, and sentence structure. It defines phrases as groups of words without a subject and verb, and identifies 8 types of phrases including noun, verb, adjective, and prepositional phrases. Clauses are defined as having a subject and verb and can be independent or dependent. Sentences are composed of clauses and their structure involves subjects, verbs, and 6 patterns including noun-verb and noun-verb-noun patterns. The document also contrasts simple versus complex sentences.
The document discusses the difference between the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses. The present perfect is used to talk about completed actions or events that have a connection to the present. The present perfect continuous focuses on unfinished or ongoing actions and events and how long they have been occurring. Some verbs like "live", "work", and "study" can be used with both tenses without a difference in meaning. The present perfect is used with time expressions like "for", "since", "already", and "yet". The present perfect continuous is used with expressions like "for", "since", "how long", "lately", and "recently".
This document provides guidance on writing informal emails and letters. It recommends using openings like "Hi" or the recipient's name to start, and suggests using exclamation points sparingly to show strong feelings. Contractions are normally used in emails to friends, but not in formal emails. When starting an email with "Hi" followed by a name, a comma comes after the name, not "Hi". Paragraphs require a single space, not a double space. The document also provides examples of common phrases for different parts of emails, such as starting, providing good or bad news, moving the topic, making requests, and ending the email.
Opintojakso lukion 1.vuosikurssin oppilailleaiski92
油
Opintojakso lukion 1.vuosikurssin oppilaille, jonka p辰辰teemoima ovat matkustaminen ja kielioppiasiana konditionaali. Opintojaksomme koostuu kahdesta 75 minuutin oppitunnista, jotka sis辰lt辰v辰t monipuolisesti erilaisten sovellusten k辰ytt旦辰, kuten Pinterest, Popplet, Muppet Show ja Socrative.
This document provides suggestions for expressing personal opinions and general opinions. When expressing a personal opinion, use phrases like "in my opinion" or "as I see it." Provide reasons and evidence to support your personal view. When expressing a general opinion, avoid absolute statements and attribute the view to "some people" or "most people." Provide details to back up the general opinion. You can agree or disagree with others' opinions as long as you have reasons for your own view. The document encourages respectful discussion and exchange of different perspectives.
Finnish has several distinctive features that make its language and pronunciation unique:
1) Gemination, where the first consonant of the following word is doubled if it begins with a vowel.
2) Long and short vowels that impact pronunciation and meaning.
3) Consonant gradation where consonants like K, P, and T change form depending on suffixes added.
4) A complex system of stems, suffixes, endings and cases that determine verbs, nouns and their relationships in sentences.
The document provides examples of spoken Finnish language used in various everyday situations and contexts. It includes common phrases, verbs, pronouns and questions used for introducing oneself, asking for and giving information, making requests, discussing present and past events, needs, activities, locations and travel plans. The document is intended to help learners practice and familiarize themselves with colloquial spoken Finnish.
Johan Ludvig Runeberg was a Finnish poet celebrated on Runeberg Day each February 5th by eating Runberg Cakes. The document provides a recipe for Runberg Cakes in Finnish, including instructions for making the dough, baking the muffins, and decorating them with raspberry jam and icing sugar. It notes that Runeberg apparently enjoyed these cakes, and that his wife Fredrika, herself a writer and pioneer for women in journalism, was originally known for baking the cakes that bear their name.
This document provides information about Finnish housing and living customs. It describes common house types like detached houses (omakotitalo), apartments of different sizes (yksio, kaksio, kolmio), and buildings with multiple apartments. It discusses housebuilding traditions like talkoot where neighbors help each other. It also covers housewarming party etiquette like bringing salt and bread as a gift and taking shoes off inside. Overall, the document aims to teach English learners vocabulary and expressions related to Finnish homes, invitations, and social interactions.
The document discusses the genitive case in Finnish. It notes that the ending of the singular genitive is -n. It is used to express possession like in English. The stem form without the -n ending is needed to form other cases in Finnish. It also discusses consonant changes that occur in different cases, like t becoming d, and provides examples like katu becoming kadun in the genitive case. It includes a table showing the main consonant changes that are integral to the Finnish language.
Finns enjoy reading, using libraries, and newspapers. They also enjoy social media, television, radio, and a variety of musical genres. Popular outdoor activities include ice hockey, baseball, skiing, cycling, and visiting saunas. Open-air dances are a part of Finnish culture where people gather to socialize and experience music and potential romance. Nature is an important part of Finnish life and culture.
This document provides vocabulary and phrases for talking about food and ordering in a restaurant in Finnish. It includes words for common foods, meals, drinks and dishes. Phrases are presented for having a conversation with a waiter at a restaurant where you can ask questions about the menu options and place an order. Specific foods that are highlighted include salmon, potato mash, mineral water, ice cream and coffee.
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3. PREESENS NYT
Jotain tapahtuu tai on NYT:
Vi studerar spr奪k.
Asian tila:
Det regnar p奪 h旦sten.
Tavat ja s辰辰nn旦lliset rutiinit:
Lasse g奪r i skolan varje dag.
4. PERFEKTI
HAR + SUPIINI
Ilmaisee jotain, joka on tapahtunut ennen NYT-hetke辰
Anita har l辰st alla b旦cker av Henning Mankell.
[Kirjat on luettu; emme tarkkaan tied辰 milloin]
Mukana voi olla aikailmaus, joka jatkuu - - -
Jag har druckit te i dag.
[Tee on juotu, mutta p辰iv辰 jatkuu]
Kerrot, kuinka kauan (ajanjakso) joku on tehnyt jotakin
Stina har jobbat p奪 Ikea sedan 1989.
[Aloitti vuonna 1989; jatkaa siell辰 edelleen]
5. FUTUURI -> TULEVA
Tulevaa aikaa ja tekemist辰 voidaan ilmaista eri
tavoin:
PREESENS + tulevan ajan m辰辰re
Lasse flyttar till Stockholm n辰sta vecka.
Ska + infinitiivi
Han ska flytta ihop med sin flickv辰n.
Kommer att + infinitiivi
Lasse kommer att bli v辰ldigt lycklig!
T辰nker + infinitiivi
Min son t辰nker flytta till Danmark.
Perfekti (toiminta 1), jos tulevaisuuden toimintoja on kaksi tai useampia:
N辰r Lasse har flyttat (1) ska han s旦ka jobb (2).
N辰r han har bekantat sig med nya v辰nner (1), ska han k辰nna sig hemma d辰r (2).
6. MENNYT
SILLOIN
imperfekti
Anita hade sett sin v辰n f旦r tv奪 veckor sedan.
Hon var j辰tteglad d奪.
Jag skulle ha ringt henne och bjudit p奪 kaffe.
7. SILLOIN
Jotain on tapahtunut tiettyn辰 hetken辰:
SILLOIN
Sek辰 toiminta ett辰 ajankohta ovat mennytt辰 (ohi)
Jag l辰ste boken till klockan 6 p奪 kv辰llen i g奪r.
[en lue en辰辰, eik辰 en辰辰 ole eilinen]
8. PLUSKVAMPERFEKTI FRE D
Jotain tapahtui
ennen tietty辰 hetke辰
menneisyydess辰
N辰r jag hade 辰tit tog jag bussen hem
[ensin s旦in, sitten l辰hdin bussilla kotiin]
9. MENNEEN HETKEN JLKEEN - - >
Skulle + infinitiivi
Kerrot jostain, jota suunnittelit tiettyn辰 ajankohtana
menneisyydess辰
Kerrot jostain, jonka uskoit tapahtuvan tai toteutuvan
F旦rra veckan var jag v辰ldigt orolig f旦r jag skulle f奪 viktiga g辰ster
snart.
Hade + supiini (toiminnasta 1), jos per辰kk辰isi辰 toimintoja on useita
N辰r g辰sterna hade 奪kt iv辰g (1) skulle jag vila litet (2).
10. IMPERFEKTIN JA PERFEKTIN ERO
Jag 奪t gr旦t till frukost i morse.
Jag har 辰tit gr旦t till frukost i dag.
Mik辰 ero lauseissa on?
Ensimm辰isess辰 lauseessa (imperfekti) ajankohta on ohi
Toisessa lauseessa (perfekti) mainittu ajankohta jatkuu edelleen
K辰yt辰 imperfekti辰
kun
lauseessa mainitaan menneen ajan ajankohta (esim. i morse)
K辰yt辰 perfekti辰
kun
et tarkalleen tied辰, milloin asia on tapahtunut
tiettyjen ajanilmausten yhteydess辰: i dag, den h辰r veckan(= yh辰 jatkuva aika)
kerrot, miten kauan jotain on ollut meneill辰辰n