Isabel II
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The document discusses the political situation in Spain during the reign of Queen Isabel II from 1844 to 1854. This period was known as the "Moderate Decade" as it was dominated by the Moderate Party. The Moderate Party passed a new constitution in 1845 that restricted voting rights and increased the powers of the monarchy and the Catholic Church. However, this exclusion of other parties like the Progressives increased political tensions over the direction of the country.
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The document discusses the political, economic, and social systems in Europe prior to the Enlightenment period, known as the Ancien R辿gime. Under the Ancien R辿gime, most European kingdoms were absolute monarchies where the king had divine right to rule. Society was divided into estates and the economy was based on subsistence farming and colonial trade. The Enlightenment challenged the ideas and institutions of the Ancien R辿gime through philosophers who advocated for reason, tolerance, and natural rights. Some monarchs adopted Enlightenment ideals through reforms while maintaining absolute power. Inspired by Enlightenment thinking, the American colonies declared independence from Britain and established a democratic republic with a constitution protecting individual libertiesThe Democratic Sexenio (1868-1874)
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